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首页> 外文学位 >A polymorphism in the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor influences motor-related experience-dependent plasticity in the human brain.
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A polymorphism in the gene for brain-derived neurotrophic factor influences motor-related experience-dependent plasticity in the human brain.

机译：脑源性神经营养因子基因的多态性影响人脑中与运动相关的经验依赖性可塑性。

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摘要

Cortical plasticity is an essential element of learning, memory, and recovery of function following brain injury, though the specific underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. One factor known to play a critical role in mediating synaptic plasticity is brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a common neurotrophin with important roles in health and disease. A polymorphism in the human gene for BDNF (val 66met) may provide insight into the role of BDNF in cortical plasticity, and potentially point to future therapeutic targets. This polymorphism allows an opportunity to examine BDNF's influence on experience-dependent plasticity in the human brain, both short and long-term. In addition, the polymorphism itself is common and may be helpful in developing personalized rehabilitation strategies and could thus benefit from further characterization. The current dissertation examined the influence of the BDNF val66met polymorphism on short- and long-term forms of plasticity using non-invasive imaging such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Presence of the val66met polymorphism was found to influence motor system organization, short-term experience-dependent plasticity throughout the brain, and motor performance in healthy young subjects. The effect of age was found to be more significant than the effect of BDNF genotype on short-term motor cortex plasticity, and age itself was associated with changes in neurophysiology that correlate with decrement of motor function. Additionally, sustained training was able to overcome the effects of the val 66met polymorphism on short-term cortical plasticity, and polymorphism effects were not present in an evaluation of long-term plasticity. These results help illuminate the role of BDNF in motor experience-dependent plasticity and have important clinical implications.
机译：皮质可塑性是脑损伤后学习，记忆和功能恢复的基本要素，尽管具体的潜在机制仍不完全清楚。已知在介导突触可塑性中起关键作用的一个因素是脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF），这是一种在健康和疾病中起重要作用的常见神经营养蛋白。 BDNF人类基因中的多态性（val 66met）可能提供对BDNF在皮层可塑性中的作用的深入了解，并可能指向未来的治疗靶标。这种多态性使我们有机会检查BDNF对人类大脑中短期和长期依赖于经验的可塑性的影响。此外，多态性本身很常见，可能有助于开发个性化的康复策略，因此可以从进一步的表征中受益。本文利用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）和经颅磁刺激（TMS）等非侵入性成像技术，研究了BDNF val66met多态性对短期和长期可塑性的影响。发现val66met多态性的存在会影响运动系统的组织，整个大脑的短期经验依赖性可塑性和健康年轻受试者的运动表现。发现年龄的影响比BDNF基因型对短期运动皮层可塑性的影响更为显着，并且年龄本身与神经生理学变化有关，而神经生理学变化与运动功能的下降有关。另外，持续训练能够克服val 66met多态性对短期皮质可塑性的影响，而长期可塑性评估中不存在多态性影响。这些结果有助于阐明BDNF在依赖运动经验的可塑性中的作用，并具有重要的临床意义。

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  • 作者

    McHughen, Stephanie Alexandra.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Irvine.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Irvine.;
  • 学科 Biology Neurobiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 154 p.
  • 总页数 154
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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