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Structuring formal state-based specifications for reuse and the development of product families.

机译：构建基于状态的正式规范，以进行复用和产品系列的开发。

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The software in a safety critical system has the potential to cause loss of life, loss of property/money, or environmental disaster. Researchers have found that most safety-critical errors are introduced in the requirements, rather than the design and implementation stages of development. These errors are conceptual in nature and reflect misunderstandings about the intended operation of the system or the system's environment. Furthermore, requirements for safety critical systems can be difficult to express: the software must interact with a variety of analog and digital components and be able to detect and recover from error conditions in the environment. To compound the problems, a requirements specification goes through many changes before it is completed—these changing requirements are a major cost driver in industrial projects.; A mathematically precise, or formal, specification of the requirements provides an unambiguous representation; therefore, use of a formal specification language to model the requirements promises to improve the quality of (and thus, assurance in) the requirements. Nevertheless, formal specifications are costly to develop and little research has been conducted on structuring formal requirements specifications. In most cases, there is a lack of a clear methodology for specification development. Ideally, such specifications would be easy to maintain and reuse, particularly in light of the fact the many companies build families of related systems. Unfortunately, this is beyond the current state-of-the-art and is a critical barrier to industrial acceptance of these techniques.; To address these concerns, this dissertation makes three key contributions. First, we have extended the state-of-the-art in expressing the structure of product families. Second, we have defined a methodology for creating formal specifications of safety-critical process-control systems that includes the overall process for creating the specifications as well as techniques directed specifically at reuse. Finally, a module construct designed to support the methodology and product family structuring has been added to the formal specification language RSML−e.
机译：安全关键系统中的软件有可能导致人员伤亡，财产/金钱损失或环境灾难。研究人员发现，大多数安全关键错误是在需求中引入的，而不是开发的设计和实施阶段。这些错误本质上是概念性的，反映了对系统的预期操作或系统环境的误解。此外，对安全性至关重要的系统的要求可能很难表达：该软件必须与各种模拟和数字组件进行交互，并且能够检测环境中的错误状况并从中恢复。使问题复杂化的是，需求规格说明书在完成之前要经历许多变更-这些变更的需求是工业项目中的主要成本驱动因素。需求的数学精确或形式化的说明提供了明确的表示；因此，使用正式的规范语言对需求进行建模有望改善需求的质量（从而保证需求）。然而，正式规范的开发成本很高，并且很少有关于构造正式需求规范的研究。在大多数情况下，缺乏明确的规范制定方法。理想情况下，此类规范将易于维护和重用，尤其是考虑到许多公司都建立了相关系统系列的事实。不幸的是，这超出了当前的最新水平，并且成为工业上接受这些技术的关键障碍。为了解决这些问题，本文做出了三个关键贡献。首先，我们扩展了表示产品系列结构的最新技术。其次，我们定义了一种用于创建安全关键过程控制系统的正式规范的方法，其中包括用于创建规范的整个过程以及专门针对重用的技术。最后，在形式规范语言RSML -e 中添加了旨在支持方法论和产品族结构的模块构造。

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