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首页> 外文学位 >'Seminal women': Women in science in the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture, 1884 to 1921.
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'Seminal women': Women in science in the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture, 1884 to 1921.

机译：“有名妇女”：1884年至1921年，加拿大联邦农业部的科学界妇女。

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摘要

As historian Marianne Ainley maintains in the introduction to Despite the Odds: Essays on Canadian Women in Science, the way in which science is practised and institutionalized has an impact upon the careers of men and women. The purpose of this thesis then is to determine the type of science, and the ways of practising it, employed within the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture. What conscious and subconscious factors influenced the scientific and methodological choices of the leaders of the Department? How did this, in turn, influence the opportunities of women to become involved in science in the years 1884 to 1921? The thesis argues that the professionalization and bureaucratization of science in the Department of Agriculture created distinct opportunities for such involvement, but it also confined them to specific jobs deemed appropriate for their sex.;Because the science that was first undertaken in the Department beginning in 1884 emerged from the natural history tradition, women first contributed as unpaid “amateur” observers, collectors, and correspondents. As science professionalized and bureaucratized in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, however, the contributions of unpaid “amateurs” were no longer desired or needed. At this juncture, women were employed as paid assistants and members of the support staff As civil servants, women entered an organization that was undergoing a process of reform and bureaucratizing. As a result, women were subjected to hierarchical and lateral segregation. Women's employment in science in the federal Department of Agriculture followed this pattern. Employed to undertake technical work in seed analysis and scientific work in botany, chemistry, and librarianship in the Department, women were confined to ‘women's work’ in science. They performed tasks which were undervalued, underpaid, and offered little or no opportunity for advancement, and were, therefore, rejected by men. Over the almost forty year period covered in this thesis, in both peace and war, the work of women followed this pattern. Satisfying the demands generated by the professionalization and bureaucratization of science as well as the reform and bureaucratization of the federal civil service, women were a pivotal part of the scientific workforce of the Canadian federal Department of Agriculture from 1884 to 1921.
机译：正如历史学家玛丽安·安利（Marianne Ainley）在《尽管有可能》：加拿大科学界女性论文集的介绍中所坚持的那样，科学的实践和制度化方式对男女职业都有影响。然后，本文的目的是确定加拿大联邦农业部采用的科学类型以及实践方法。哪些有意识和潜意识的因素影响了该系主任的科学和方法选择？这又如何影响妇女在1884年至1921年参与科学的机会？论文认为，农业部的科学专业化和官僚化为这种参与创造了独特的机会，但也将他们限制在被认为适合其性别的特定工作中。因为该部科学始于1884年从自然历史传统中诞生的女性首先成为无偿的“业余”观察员，收藏家和通讯员。然而，随着科学在19世纪末和20世纪初的专业化和官僚化，不再需要或不需要无偿“业余爱好者”的贡献。此时此刻，妇女被雇用为带薪助理和支助人员。作为公务员，妇女进入了一个正在进行改革和官僚化的组织。结果，妇女遭受了等级隔离和横向隔离。联邦农业部在科学领域的妇女就业遵循了这种模式。受雇于该部门从事种子分析的技术工作以及植物学，化学和图书馆管理的科学工作，妇女被限制在科学领域的“妇女工作”中。他们执行的任务被低估，被低估，并且几乎没有或根本没有晋升的机会，因此被男人拒绝。在本论文所涵盖的近40年期间，在和平与战争中，妇女的工作都遵循这种模式。妇女满足了科学的专业化和官僚化以及联邦公务员制度的改革和官僚化所产生的要求，从1884年到1921年，妇女是加拿大联邦农业部科学工作者的重要组成部分。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lloydlangston, Amber.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Ottawa (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Ottawa (Canada).;
  • 学科 History Canadian.;Political Science Public Administration.;Womens Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 237 p.
  • 总页数 237
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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