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Homology, ontogeny, and phylogeny: Evolution of floral form in the legume tribe Amorpheae.

机译:同源性,个体发育和系统发育:豆科植物紫穗槐中花形的进化。

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摘要

Papilionoid legumes are characterized by a relatively conserved floral form, but exceptions to the pea-like flower occur. A high concentration of these exceptions appear in the tribe Amorpheae, a clade in which floral evolution has involved dramatic changes in the number, shapes, and positions of floral organs. To study floral diversification in the tribe, we have compared morphological and developmental data to a phylogeny we reconstructed using DNA sequence data (cptrnK/matK and nrITS/5.8S). Floral diversification in Amorpheae has occurred through a variety of evolutionary modes. Novelty, organ loss, and de-differentiation of organs have occurred multiple times. In one major clade, the daleoids---Dalea, Marina, and Psorothamnus---petals appear perched on the fused staminal column above a novel structure, the stemonozone. Stemonozone lengths vary tremendously; however, applying standard criteria for structural and phylogenetic homology, we have inferred that the stemonozones are homologous across taxa in a clade of Dalea + Marina + some Psorothamnus (currently a paraphyletic genus). In addition to novelty, organ loss has occurred at least once and de-differentiation of petals thrice. The monophyletic section Kuhnistera, or prairie clovers, has lost a whorl of stamens; the polyphyletic subgenus Dalea have unfused corollas of non-differentiated petals. In the other major clade of Amorpheae, the amorphoids---Errazurizia, Parryella, Eysenhardtia, Amorpha, and Apoplanesia---organ loss and petal de-differentiation are primarily responsible for variation, but some novelty also occurs. At least two reductions in petal number have occurred in the lineage involving Parryella, Errazurizia rotundata and Amorpha; whether a re-gain also occurred is unclear. One species has petals slightly perched on a stemonozone, similar but phylogenetically non-homologous to the stemonozone in the daleoids. Diversity in Amorpheae is clearly due to a combination of homoplastic changes in various modes of evolution.
机译:蝶形豆科植物的特征是具有相对保守的花形,但豌豆状花除外。这些异常现象的高度集中出现在无定形部落中,这是一个进化枝,其中花的进化涉及花器官的数量,形状和位置的急剧变化。为了研究部落中的花卉多样性,我们将形态和发育数据与我们使用DNA序列数据(cptrnK / matK和nrITS / 5.8S)重建的系统发育进行了比较。紫穗槐的花卉多样化通过多种进化方式发生。新颖性,器官丢失和器官去分化已多次发生。在一个主要进化枝中,达达里耶斯(达利阿,玛丽娜和Psorothamnus)的花瓣似乎栖息在一种新颖的结构(硬脂环带)上方的融合耐力柱上。 Stemonozone的长度差异很大。但是,根据结构和系统发育同源性的标准标准,我们推断,在Dalea + Marina +一些Psorothamnus(目前是一种属植物属)的进化枝中,类固醇类在各类群中是同源的。除新颖性外,器官损失至少发生过一次,花瓣去分化三次。单性的部分Kuhnistera或草原三叶草失去了雄蕊。 Dalea多属亚属具有未融合的未分化花瓣的花冠。在紫穗槐的另一个主要进化枝中,紫茎泽兰,草r,艾森哈德氏菌,紫穗槐和失养蝇等器官失落和花瓣去分化是造成这种变化的主要原因,但也有一些新颖之处。涉及Parryella,Errazurizia rotundata和Amorpha的谱系至少发生了两次花瓣减少现象;不清楚是否还会重新获得收益。一种物种的花瓣略微栖息在硬脂单带上,类似于但在系统发育上与大类化合物中的硬脂单带不同源。魔芋中的多样性显然是由于各种进化模式中同质性变化的结合所致。

著录项

  • 作者

    McMahon, Michelle Mary.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington State University.;

  • 授予单位 Washington State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Botany.;Biology Genetics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 129 p.
  • 总页数 129
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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