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首页> 外文学位 >Men writing women: Male authorship, narrative strategies, and woman's agency in the late-Victorian novel (George Gissing, Thomas Hardy, George Meredith, George Moore).
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Men writing women: Male authorship, narrative strategies, and woman's agency in the late-Victorian novel (George Gissing, Thomas Hardy, George Meredith, George Moore).

机译：写作女性的男性：维多利亚时代晚期小说（乔治·吉辛，托马斯·哈迪，乔治·梅雷迪斯，乔治·摩尔）中的男性作者，叙事策略和女性代理。

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摘要

My dissertation considers the late-Victorian novel in light of the relationships among literary mode, gender, and the marketplace. I examine how four male authors---George Gissing, Thomas Hardy, George Meredith, and George Moore---negotiated the late-Victorian market as they wrote "woman-centered" novels and entered a public debate about the cultural status of real-life women. These authors, I argue, not only had to negotiate the influence of literary modes such as French naturalism, Jamesian psychological realism, and the "new realism" (of which some of them were clear proponents) but also liberal-feminist realism, which was predicated on realistic representation of woman's agency in literary works.; As feminist periodicals such as Shafts and The Woman's Herald show, liberal-feminist realism required representation of the difficult conditions women faced living in Victorian culture and the triumphs of some (but not all) women over these difficult cultural conditions. Further, this definition of realism places strong emphasis on the connection between form and content; to triumph over difficult conditions, real-life women needed to assert agency through three methods: consciousness, the spoken word, and physical actions. These methods of asserting agency correspond to three narrative strategies---internal perspective, dialogue, and description of characters' actions. According to the feminist aesthetic of the day, effective literary representations of woman's agency combined these three narrative strategies.; Both directly aware (through their knowledge of feminist reviews of their own work) and indirectly aware (through their knowledge of broader gender issues, such as the role of women in the field of professional authorship) of the criteria for realism set up by liberal-feminist periodicals, Gissing, Hardy, Meredith, and Moore negotiated the requirements of this literary mode in varying degrees. As the individual chapters of my dissertation show, each author made his own decisions about how thoroughly to incorporate the tenets of liberal-feminist realism. Nevertheless, all four authors were subject to similar cultural conditions and, as a result, incorporated this mode at least to some degree. In doing so, these authors helped shape a literary mode specific to the late-nineteenth century, one that acted as a stepping stone from mid-Victorian realism to modernism.
机译：本文从文学方式，性别与市场之间的关系出发，对维多利亚时代晚期小说进行了研究。我研究了四位男性作家-乔治·吉辛（George Gissing），托马斯·哈迪（Thomas Hardy），乔治·梅雷迪斯（George Meredith）和乔治·摩尔（George Moore）-在维多利亚时代后期的市场中如何进行谈判，他们创作了“以女性为中心”的小说，并就真正的文化地位进入了公开辩论生活妇女。我认为，这些作家不仅必须就法国自然主义，詹姆士主义的心理现实主义和“新现实主义”（其中一些是明确的支持者）之类的文学模式的影响进行谈判，而且还要就自由女权主义现实主义进行谈判。以文学作品中女性代理人的现实代表为依据；正如《轴》和《女人的先驱报》等女权主义期刊所显示的那样，自由女权主义现实主义要求代表女性在维多利亚时代文化中生活所面临的困难条件，以及某些（但不是全部）妇女在这些困难的文化条件下的胜利。此外，这种对现实主义的定义非常强调形式与内容之间的联系。为了在艰难的条件下取得胜利，现实生活中的女性需要通过三种方法来保持权威：意识，口语和身体动作。这些断断续续的断言方法与三种叙事策略相对应-内部视角，对话和角色动作描述。根据当时的女权主义审美观，有效的女性代理文学表现结合了这三种叙事策略。自由主义者（通过他们对自己作品的女权主义评论的知识）直接（通过他们对更广泛的性别问题的知识，例如妇女在专业著作领域的作用的知识）知道（或意识到）自由主义者建立的现实主义标准。女权主义期刊，吉辛（Gissing），哈迪（Hardy），梅雷迪思（Meredith）和摩尔（Moore）在不同程度上讨论了这种文学模式的要求。正如我论文的各个章节所显示的那样，每个作者都对如何充分地融合自由女权主义现实主义的原则做出了自己的决定。然而，所有四位作者都受到相似的文化条件的影响，因此，至少在某种程度上采用了这种模式。通过这样做，这些作者帮助塑造了一种特定于19世纪后期的文学模式，成为了从维多利亚时代中期现实主义到现代主义的垫脚石。

著录项

  • 作者

    Youngkin, Molly C.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Literature English.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 322 p.
  • 总页数 322
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 I561;
  • 关键词

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