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首页> 外文学位 >Development of a coupled plankton - zebra mussel - PCB aquatic ecosystem model: Application to Saginaw Bay (Michigan).
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Development of a coupled plankton - zebra mussel - PCB aquatic ecosystem model: Application to Saginaw Bay (Michigan).

机译：浮游生物-斑马贻贝-PCB水生生态系统耦合模型的开发：在萨吉诺湾（密歇根州）的应用。

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摘要

With the introduction of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha ), the Great Lakes have experienced many ecological changes. The objectives of this dissertation were to understand and quantify the effects of zebra mussels on cycling and bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To accomplish this goal, a screening level multi-stressor aquatic ecosystem model was developed by integrating various processes involving nutrient-plankton-zebra mussels-PCB dynamics. The model was configured to the Saginaw Bay system. The bay has extensive areas of hard bottom, along with temperature and food regimes suitable for zebra mussel colonization.; The integrated modeling framework has demonstrated how the invasion of mussels has led to a re-direction of energy and nutrients from the pelagic to the benthic food chain through enhanced removal of particles from the water column to the surface sediments. This additional particle flux is leading also to an increased flux of total PCBs (ΣPCBs) to the sediments. Assuming a constant (ΣPCBs) load to the system, ΣPCB concentration in the sediments was higher than it was before zebra mussels arrived. This suggests that the introduction of mussels has also transferred a portion of the contaminant inventory to the sediments.; The influence of mussels' filtering activities on ΣPCB concentration in the lower pelagic food web was examined using a bioaccumulation model. The model explicitly represents the food web structure and function for the site-specific ecosystem. It forecasts a shift in the pattern of bioaccumulation. The exact shift depends on the dominance of various ecosystem interactions and feedbacks in the system, especially the impacts of whether or not zebra mussels filter herbivorous zooplankton and blue-green algae.; The presence of mussels has impacted not only particle dynamics, but also nutrient cycling in the system. The model was applied to investigate the effect of trophic status of the system. Enhanced production of algae with higher nutrient load not only decreased the bioaccumulation of (ΣPCBs) in the base of the food chain, but also increased ΣPCB concentration in the sediments that may serve as a potential source of increased bioaccumulation in the benthic food chain. A sensitivity analysis indicated that ΣPCB concentration in Dreissena is sensitive to hydrophobicity of PCBs and lipid content of mussels.
机译：随着斑马贻贝（ Dreissena polymorpha ）的引入，五大湖经历了许多生态变化。本文的目的是了解和量化斑马贻贝对多氯联苯（PCBs）的循环和生物积累的影响。为了实现这一目标，通过整合涉及营养-浮游生物-斑马贻贝-PCB动力学的各种过程，开发了筛选级多应激水生生态系统模型。该模型已配置为Saginaw Bay系统。海湾有宽阔的硬底区域，以及适合斑马贻贝定殖的温度和食物。集成的建模框架已经证明，贻贝的入侵如何通过增强从水柱到地表沉积物的去除作用，导致能量和营养从中上层食物链转向底栖食物链。这种额外的颗粒通量还导致增加了总PCB（ΣPCB）到沉积物的通量。假设给系统带来恒定的（ΣPCBs）负载，沉积物中ΣPCB的浓度要比斑马贻贝到来之前的浓度高。这表明贻贝的引入也将一部分污染物库存转移到沉积物中。使用生物蓄积模型检查了贻贝的过滤活性对低层上层食物网中ΣPCB浓度的影响。该模型明确表示特定地点生态系统的食物网结构和功能。它预测了生物积累模式的转变。确切的变化取决于系统中各种生态系统相互作用和反馈的优势，尤其是斑马贻贝是否过滤草食性浮游生物和蓝藻的影响。贻贝的存在不仅影响颗粒动力学，还影响系统中的养分循环。该模型用于研究系统营养状态的影响。营养成分含量更高的藻类产量的增加不仅减少了食物链底部（ΣPCBs）的生物蓄积，而且增加了沉积物中ΣPCB的浓度，这可能是底栖食物链中生物蓄积增加的潜在来源。敏感性分析表明， Dreissena 中的ΣPCB浓度对PCB的疏水性和贻贝的脂质含量敏感。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kaur, Jagjit.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Buffalo.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Buffalo.;
  • 学科 Engineering Environmental.; Environmental Sciences.; Biology Limnology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 199 p.
  • 总页数 199
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境污染及其防治;环境科学基础理论;
  • 关键词

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