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首页> 外文学位 >The political sources of business confidence: The impact of partisan politics, globalization, and institutional variation on the economic expectations of firms in advanced capitalist democracies.
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The political sources of business confidence: The impact of partisan politics, globalization, and institutional variation on the economic expectations of firms in advanced capitalist democracies.

机译：商业信心的政治来源：党派政治，全球化和制度变迁对先进资本主义民主国家企业经济预期的影响。

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摘要

This dissertation seeks to advance our understanding of how the political environment in contemporary advanced capitalist democracies affects the economic expectations of firms, to which I refer as "business confidence" in the aggregate. I argue that there are two elements of the political environment that matter for business confidence in a general (not only industry- or firm-specific) way, namely political parties' policy positions on distributional issues (which make a Left-Right partisan categorization of the governing parties a meaningful proxy of policy differences) and the fit between business' and the main political parties' norms regarding the proper role of the state in the economy. Both factors suggest a partisan business confidence effect (higher levels under governments of the Right), but the relative importance of the two factors is a function of the institutions within which firms in a given country interact with each other and with the government, i.e., the country's "variety of capitalism," with the normative component playing a much greater role in liberal than in coordinated market economies. Consequently, the extent to which globalization leads to decline or persistence of the importance of partisan control of the government for business confidence is strongly conditioned by the institutional differences identified in the literature on varieties of capitalism since globalization imposes much tighter constraints on (re-)distributive policies than on norms regarding the role of the state in the economy.;I test this argument empirically using qualitative and quantitative information from the US and Germany, the two largest economies of North America and Europe and the prototypes of "liberal" and "coordinated market economies." Based on interviews with senior managers and various statistical analyses of survey-based time series data, I find indeed that business confidence has on average over recent decades been higher under governments of the Right than under governments of the Left, in both the US and Germany. In the prototypical coordinated market economy, Germany, however, this partisan effect has decreased under the influence of globalization in line with increased convergence of party positions on distributive issues (as perceived by the business community), whereas the partisan effect has persisted in the prototypical liberal market economy, the US, where it is more strongly based on the gap between business' antistatist norms and Democrats' commitment to government being part of the solution rather than being "the problem."
机译：本文旨在增进我们对当代先进资本主义民主国家的政治环境如何影响企业的经济期望的理解，我将其总体上称为“商业信心”。我认为，政治环境的两个要素以一般的方式（不仅针对特定行业或针对公司）对企业信心至关重要，即政党在分配问题上的政策立场（这些要素将左派右派划分为执政党是政策差异的有意义的代表）以及企业与主要政党之间关于国家在经济中的适当角色的规范之间的契合度。这两个因素都表明存在党派的商业信心效应（在右翼政府中较高的水平），但是，这两个因素的相对重要性取决于机构的功能，在该机构中，给定国家的公司彼此之间以及与政府的相互作用，即该国的“资本主义品种”，其规范成分在自由主义中的作用要比在协调市场经济中的作用大得多。因此，全球化在多大程度上导致党派控制政府对企业信心的重要性下降或持续存在，这在很大程度上取决于文献中关于资本主义变体的制度差异，因为全球化对（重新）施加了更为严格的约束分配政策，而不是关于国家在经济中作用的规范。；我使用来自美国和德国，北美和欧洲两个最大经济体以及“自由主义”和“自由主义”原型的定性和定量信息，对这一论点进行了实证检验。协调的市场经济。”根据对高级管理人员的采访以及对基于调查的时间序列数据的各种统计分析，我确实发现，在最近几十年中，右翼政府的商业信心平均水平高于美国和德国的左翼政府。然而，在原型市场经济中，德国在党派对分配问题的趋同趋于一致的情况下，这种党派效应在全球化的影响下有所减弱（如商业界所知），而在党派效应中，党派效应一直存在自由市场经济，在美国，它更强有力地基于企业的反国家主义规范与民主党人对政府的承诺之间的差距，该承诺是解决方案的一部分，而不是“问题”。

著录项

  • 作者

    Buthe, Tim.;

  • 作者单位

    Columbia University.;

  • 授予单位 Columbia University.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 455 p.
  • 总页数 455
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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