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首页> 外文学位 >Leftist literature and the ideology of eugenics during the American Depression (John Steinbeck, Lauren Gilfillan, Hope Williams Sykes, Erskine Caldwell).
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Leftist literature and the ideology of eugenics during the American Depression (John Steinbeck, Lauren Gilfillan, Hope Williams Sykes, Erskine Caldwell).

机译：美国大萧条时期的左派文学和优生主义意识形态（约翰·斯坦贝克，劳伦·吉里芬，霍普·威廉姆斯·赛克斯，厄斯金·考德威尔）。

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摘要

This dissertation examines both literary and non-literary works to illustrate how leftist writing was profoundly influenced by notions of eugenics which circulated widely in Depression-era America, though often just beneath the surface. One of the most popular movements during the Great Depression was the attempt to prove that certain groups of the American population were “unfit” and that society should take intentional steps to intervene in citizens' reproductive rights. This eugenics doctrine was so pervasive that it became embodied in a variety of texts, including many “leftist” texts, thereby producing an ideological crisis for many of these writers. Leftist literature is generally believed to be on the side of the “common man”; however, during the Great Depression it was not working from outside the conservative (mainstream) “Right” but was working within it—and therefore was not a critique of eugenics but was complicit with that ideology. When looking at Erskine Caldwell's Tobacco Road, I examine the rhetorical strategies—as well as setting, plot, and characters—that he borrowed from his father's and other sociologists' eugenic articles. In my subsequent dissertation chapters, I examine leftist writers who, in their attempts to uphold traditional gender roles, reinforced eugenic views about the lower class. I argue, for example, that in Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck is more concerned with the crisis of masculinity that eugenics fostered than he is with leftist politics. Likewise, I turn to the crisis of femininity in two ethnographic texts: I Went to Pit College by Lauren Gilfillan (a radical writer who went undercover and lived in a Pennsylvania mining town) and Second Hoeing by Hope Williams Sykes (a proletarian writer from Colorado who wrote about immigrant farmers).
机译：本文考察了文学作品和非文学作品，以说明左派写作是如何受到优生学观念的深刻影响的。优生学观念在美国大萧条时期广为流传，尽管它常常在表面之下。大萧条期间最受欢迎的运动之一是试图证明某些美国人口群体是“不适合的”，并且社会应采取有意识的步骤来干预公民的生殖权利。这种优生学说非常普遍，以至于它在包括许多“左派”文本的各种文本中得到体现，从而为许多这些作家带来了意识形态危机。人们普遍认为，左派文学是在“普通人”的身边。但是，在大萧条时期，它不是在保守的（主流）“权利”之外工作，而是在其中工作-因此不是对优生学的批评，而是与这种意识形态共谋的。在查看Erskine Caldwell的 Tobacco Road 时，我研究了他从父亲和其他社会学家的优生文章中借鉴的修辞策略，以及背景，情节和性格。在随后的论文章节中，我研究了左翼作家，他们在维护传统性别角色的尝试中，强化了对下层阶级的优生观点。例如，我认为，在约翰·斯坦贝克的《老鼠与男人》（斜体）中，约翰·斯坦贝克更关心优生主义者培育的男性气质的危机，而不是左翼政治。同样，我用两种人种学的文字来谈谈女性化的危机：Lauren Gilfillan（一个秘密的作家，住在宾夕法尼亚州的一个采矿小镇）写的《 我去坑学院》（italic）和《 italic》 ，作者是霍普·威廉姆斯·赛克斯（Hope Williams Sykes）（科罗拉多州的无产阶级作家，他写了有关移民农民的文章）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Holmes, Sarah Catherine.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Rhode Island.;

  • 授予单位 University of Rhode Island.;
  • 学科 Literature American.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 137 p.
  • 总页数 137
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 I712;
  • 关键词

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