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首页> 外文学位 >Facilitating whole-system methods across cultures: A case study of a Future Search conference on the future United Nations in Pakistan.
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Facilitating whole-system methods across cultures: A case study of a Future Search conference on the future United Nations in Pakistan.

机译：促进跨文化的全系统方法：关于巴基斯坦未来联合国的未来搜索会议的案例研究。

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This case study examines a whole-system method used in a development setting: a November 1998 Future Search conference for the UN system in Pakistan, with a multicultural mix of over 60 participants from different UN, government, donor and civil society organizations. The researcher helped plan and co-facilitate the three-day event, and afterwards interviewed half of those involved in order to explore issues surrounding the wider use of these methods in similar settings: How these methods can come to be used in normally resistant environments; (1) How these methods can come to be used in normally resistance environments; (2) How exposure to them can create receptivity for their wider use; (3) How different cultures experience these methods as an indicator of their acceptability in non-western, multicultural and grassroots settings; and (4) How practitioners of these methods can use intercultural communication concepts when working in such settings.; Based on a review of relevant works on whole-system methods, participatory development and intercultural communication, the researcher developed a tentative framework to predict how people at different extremes of key culture-general dimensions might experience whole-system events. Some overarching themes emerged from the qualitative analysis of the coded interviews: Receptivity; Challenges and Difficulties; Momentum for Action; Questions of Culture; Changing UN Culture; Windows of Opportunity; Modifying the Method; and Partnering for Cross-cultural Facilitation. Illustrative quotes and reference to the tentative framework support the presentation of observations under each theme. Practitioners may find the summary of lessons learned useful in their cross-cultural work---in particular the "three-legged stool" model of cross-cultural facilitation. An external process expert teams up with both an internal and a local facilitator who respectively understand the cultural sensitivities of the organization and of the main national groups represented. The researcher closes by describing how the climate for whole-system methods has recently improved in the UN development arena.
机译：本案例研究考察了在开发环境中使用的整个系统方法：1998年11月在巴基斯坦举行的联合国系统未来搜索会议，来自60个不同联合国，政府，捐助者和民间社会组织的参与者进行了多元文化混合。研究人员帮助计划并共同主持了为期三天的活动，然后采访了其中一半的参与者，以探讨在类似情况下更广泛地使用这些方法的问题：如何将这些方法用于正常抵抗的环境； （1）在通常的电阻环境中如何使用这些方法； （2）接触它们如何为更广泛的使用创造接受性； （3）不同文化如何体验这些方法，以此作为在非西方，多元文化和基层环境中可接受性的指标； （4）这些方法的从业者在这样的环境中工作时如何使用跨文化交流的概念。在对有关全系统方法，参与性发展和跨文化交流的相关工作进行回顾的基础上，研究人员开发了一个暂定框架，以预测处于关键文化-一般维度的不同极端的人们将如何经历全系统事件。从对编码访谈的定性分析中得出了一些总体主题：接受性；挑战与困难；行动动力；文化问题；改变联合国文化；机会之窗；修改方法；和跨文化促进合作。说明性的引文和对暂定框架的引用支持每个主题下的观察结果的呈现。从业者可能会发现总结的经验教训对他们的跨文化工作很有用，特别是跨文化促进的“三足凳”模式。外部流程专家与内部和本地协调员合作，他们分别了解组织和所代表的主要民族的文化敏感性。最后，研究人员描述了联合国开发领域中整个系统方法的气候如何得到改善。

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