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首页> 外文学位 >Adapting to change in dynamic worlds: A study of higher-level control and key success factors in a process control microworld.
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Adapting to change in dynamic worlds: A study of higher-level control and key success factors in a process control microworld.

机译：适应动态世界中的变化：研究过程控制微观世界中的高级控制和关键成功因素。

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摘要

The purpose of this dissertation was to understand the key success factors in adapting to change from a fundamental and integrated point of view. To assist in studying these issues, concepts from ecological psychology, in particular coordinative structures, were utilized for the domain of process control. Rasmussen's (1985) Abstraction Hierarchy (AH) was used to model the functional structure of a process control microworld (DURESS II) and to predict the resultant behaviour if a participant utilized higher-level control. Three experiments were conducted to test predictions based on the theory using different types of perturbations: global and local component perturbations, and interface form perturbations. Two displays (P and P+F) were used in the studies, motivated by different interface design principles. There were four main findings. First, the participants who used higher-level control were able to successfully adapt to the perturbations. Second, higher-level functional and invariant information were found to be important for inducing higher-level control. Third, the existence of multiple structural degrees of freedom in the work domain was found to be a key factor in making possible and providing flexibility for higher-level control. Fourth, cognitive capabilities enhanced by experience were found to be important for higher-level control. A number of contributions resulted from this research. First, this is the first set of studies to systematically investigate: (a) coordinative structures in process control, (b) stability beyond representative conditions for DURESS II, and (c) interface form perturbations for process control. Second, this research provides support for a general ecological theory of adaptation and coordination, by discovering evidence for the same phenomenon (higher-level control) in incredibly different domains, process control with DURESS II and speech motor control. Third, this research provides insight into the benefits of Ecological Interface Design in supporting adaptation, and introduces an integrated framework that helps expand the approach. Finally, a concise and novel adaptation metric (the A-index) is proposed as a tool to help predict successful adaptation.
机译：本文的目的是从根本和综合的角度了解适应变化的关键成功因素。为了帮助研究这些问题，将来自生态心理学的概念（特别是协调结构）用于过程控制领域。 Rasmussen（1985）的抽象层次结构（AH）用于对过程控制微世界（DURESS II）的功能结构进行建模，并在参与者使用高层控制的情况下预测由此产生的行为。进行了三个实验，根据理论使用不同类型的扰动来测试预测：整体和局部分量扰动，以及界面形式扰动。在研究中使用了两种显示方式（P和P + F），这是由不同的界面设计原理引起的。有四个主要发现。首先，使用高级控制的参与者能够成功地适应扰动。第二，发现较高级别的功能和不变信息对于诱导较高级别的控制很重要。第三，在工作领域中存在多个结构自由度被认为是实现更高水平控制并为其提供灵活性的关键因素。第四，发现通过经验增强的认知能力对于高层控制很重要。这项研究做出了许多贡献。首先，这是第一套系统研究的系统研究：（a）过程控制中的协调结构，（b）DURESS II的代表性条件以外的稳定性，以及（c）过程控制的界面形式扰动。其次，本研究通过发现难以置信的不同领域中相同现象（高级控制），DURESS II的过程控制和语音运动控制的证据，为适应和协调的一般生态学理论提供了支持。第三，本研究深入了解了生态界面设计在支持适应性设计方面的优势，并介绍了有助于扩展该方法的集成框架。最后，提出了一种简洁新颖的适应性指标（A指数）作为帮助预测成功适应性的工具。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hajdukiewicz, John Roman.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering System Science.; Psychology Industrial.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 236 p.
  • 总页数 236
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 系统科学;工业心理学;
  • 关键词

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