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首页> 外文学位 >Early life stage performance of native and non-native congeners of Polygonum, Celastrus, and Parthenocissus: Assessing methods of screening new plant introductions for invasive potential.
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Early life stage performance of native and non-native congeners of Polygonum, Celastrus, and Parthenocissus: Assessing methods of screening new plant introductions for invasive potential.

机译：何首乌，芹菜和爬山虎的本地和非本地同类的生命早期阶段表现：评估筛选新植物引入的潜在侵入性的评估方法。

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摘要

I compared early life stage performance of invasive species ( Polygonum perfoliatum, Celastrus orbiculatus) with their native congeners (P. sagittatum, C. scandens) and a noninvasive introduction (Parthenocissus tricuspidata) with an abundant native congener (P. quinquefolia) to assess screening methods for new introductions. Experiments measured seed production/dispersal, seed predation, seed longevity, seedling emergence, herbivory, growth, and survival in three habitats, and growth, plasticity, and competition in the greenhouse. I compared predictions generated from generalizations of invasive species characters with actual outcomes to determine critical differences between invasive and non-invasive species. I used field data to estimate establishment probabilities in three habitats. Polygonum perfoliatum had greater establishment probabilities than P. sagittatum in successional field and edge habitats, but neither species established in the forest interior. Polygonum perfoliatum appears to be invasive because of (1) greater tolerance to low soil moisture, (2) greater dispersal potential because of (a) attraction of avian frugivores and (b) wide seed production period, and (3) greater seed longevity. Celastrus orbiculatus had greater establishment probabilities than C. scandens in each habitat. Celastrus orbiculatus appears to be invasive because of (1) greater tolerance to shade, (2) greater germination rates, and (3) greater seedling survival in all habitats.; Invasive species from Polygonum and Celastrus had greater transition probabilities at nearly every stage, but inclusion of pre-emergence transitions had little effect on relative establishment probabilities in most cases. Neither invasive species appeared to be significantly more competitive or plastic than their native congeners. My studies could not determine why Parthenocissus tricuspidata was not invasive. Parthenocissus tricuspidata establishment probabilities were greater than P. quinquefolia in two of three habitats. Relative differences for individual transition probabilities were evenly mixed between Parthenocissus congeners. Pre-emergence transitions were important in determining relative establishment probabilities for Parthenocissus species. The potential roles of performance-based screening methods and alternatives are discussed. I recommend a hierarchical screening procedure consisting of (1) multivariate statistical methods, (2) regional assessment of early life stage performance under various field conditions and/or greenhouse trials to determine tolerances across various abiotic treatments, and (3) monitoring of newly admitted species that are assumed to have minimal invasive potential.
机译：我比较了入侵物种（何首乌（Polygonum perfoliatum），Celastrus orbiculatus）与其原生同类物（P. sagittatum，C。scandens）和非侵入性引种（Parthenocissus tricuspidata）与丰富原生原生物（P. quinquefolia）的早期生命周期性能，以评估筛选。新介绍的方法。实验测量了三个生境中的种子生产/散布，种子捕食，种子寿命，幼苗出苗，草食，生长和生存，以及温室中的生长，可塑性和竞争。我将入侵物种特征的概括所产生的预测与实际结果进行了比较，以确定入侵物种与非入侵物种之间的关键差异。我使用现场数据来估计三个栖息地的建立概率。在连续的田间和边缘生境中，何首乌比马齿。具有更大的建立概率，但是在森林内部都没有建立这种物种。由于（1）对低土壤水分的耐受性更高，（2）由于（a）禽肉的吸引和（b）较宽的种子生产期，以及（3）更长的种子寿命，使得何首乌似乎具有侵入性。在每个生境中，比拟斜纹夜蛾的建立概率都比C. scandens高。由于（1）对阴影的耐受性更高，（2）萌发率更高，以及（3）在所有生境中的幼苗存活率更高，因此，斜ast（Celastrus orbiculatus）似乎具有侵入性。 Poly和Celestrus的入侵物种几乎在每个阶段都有较高的过渡概率，但在大多数情况下，出苗前过渡的纳入对相对建立概率几乎没有影响。入侵物种似乎都没有比其本地同类物更具竞争力或可塑性的。我的研究无法确定为什么爬山虎爬虫不入侵。在三个生境中的两个生境中，爬山虎的三齿爬山虎建立概率大于西洋李。爬山虎属同源物在个体过渡概率方面的相对差异是均匀混合的。出苗前过渡对于确定爬山虎属物种的相对建立概率很重要。讨论了基于性能的筛选方法和替代方法的潜在作用。我建议采用一种分级筛选程序，该程序包括（1）多元统计方法，（2）在各种田间条件和/或温室试验中对生命早期阶段表现的区域评估，以确定各种非生物处理的耐受性，以及（3）监测新入院的药物被认为具有最小入侵潜力的物种。

著录项

  • 作者

    Van Clef, Michael.;

  • 作者单位

    Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;

  • 授予单位 Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 166 p.
  • 总页数 166
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;植物学;
  • 关键词

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