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首页> 外文学位 >Land tenure rights, community participation and conflict management in community forestry in Cameroon: A study of the Mount Kilum /Ijim Community forestry Project
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Land tenure rights, community participation and conflict management in community forestry in Cameroon: A study of the Mount Kilum /Ijim Community forestry Project

机译：喀麦隆社区林业中的土地使用权，社区参与和冲突管理：基卢姆山/伊吉姆社区林业项目研究

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摘要

Efforts by many developing countries, scholars and the international development community to endorse the concept of Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) Programs that seek to redress the failures and inequalities of prior top-down centralized development strategies of the late 1970s and 1980s may be deluded because the concept is based on an inadequate understanding of existing relationships, particularly between the state and local communities. CBNRM promises to balance the conservation and development needs of local communities who are called upon to participate and take an active role in managing resources either alone or in association with other stakeholders like Non-Governmental Organizations or the state.;Governments in many developing countries are implementing CBNRM programs and seemingly devolving responsibility for resource management to local communities. Cameroon's first experience with CBNRM programs is the 1987 joint Birdlife International and Government of Cameroon Mount Kilum/Ijim Community Forestry Project (MKIFP), which aims to develop a community forestry project for conservation purposes and eventually devolve control, benefits and management to communities bordering the forest.;However, Cameroon like many developing countries implementing CBNRM programs seem unaware or willing to ignore the structural impacts on traditional or local community management systems and institutions of more than 50 years of colonial and post-colonial dominance over community organization. Responsibilities for resource management during colonial and post-colonial times were undertaken by the state. Reverting this role back to local communities not only poses challenges to communities but could lead to conflicts and compromise resource sustainability.;Research in communities bordering the MKIFP, interviews conducted among various stakeholders, community forestry user groups, the DO, Fons, project staff and government magistrates, and a review of proceedings of conflict cases brought before the administration, project staff and the courts show: (a) lack of local participation in project management; (b) persons seeking access to the forests whether---farmers, herders, and other forest users---has been to petition successively, often repeatedly, the various traditional, courts, and state institutions available for adjudication, in rarely ending cycles; (c) the concept of community forestry is still ambiguous because of its experimental nature; and (d) a deep distrust of government by local people.;CBNRM programs may, instead of leading to the predicted outcomes of local participation and efficient resource management by local communities, may instead lead to unpredicted outcomes such as unending cycles of conflicts. Care must be taken to prescribe CBNRM programs as a panacea for resource management problems in developing countries.
机译：许多发展中国家，学者和国际开发界为认可以社区为基础的自然资源管理（CBNRM）计划的概念而做出的努力，这些计划旨在纠正1970年代末期和1980年代以前的自上而下的集中式发展战略的失败和不平等现象。之所以被欺骗，是因为该概念是基于对现有关系（尤其是州与地方社区之间的关系）的不充分理解而建立的。 CBNRM承诺平衡当地社区的保护和发展需求，这些社区被要求单独或与非政府组织或国家等其他利益相关者一起参与并积极地管理资源。许多发展中国家的政府实施CBNRM计划，似乎将资源管理责任下放给了当地社区。喀麦隆在CBNRM计划方面的首次经验是1987年国际鸟类保护组织和喀麦隆基卢姆山/伊吉姆山社区林业项目（MKIFP）联合，其目的是开发一个社区林业项目，以保护自然资源，并最终将控制，利益和管理权下放给与喀麦隆边境的社区但是，喀麦隆像许多执行CBNRM计划的发展中国家一样，似乎并不了解或愿意忽略殖民地和后殖民统治超过50年对传统或地方社区管理系统和机构的结构性影响。国家在殖民时期和后殖民时期负责资源管理。将这一角色重新归还给当地社区不仅会给社区带来挑战，而且可能导致冲突并损害资源的可持续性。；对MKIFP周边社区的研究，各个利益相关者，社区林业用户群体，DO，Fons，项目人员和政府官员以及对行政部门，项目人员和法院所提起的冲突案件诉讼程序的审查显示：（a）缺乏当地人参与项目管理； （b）寻求进入森林的人-农民，牧民和其他森林使用者-是否曾在很少结束的周期内先后（经常是反复）反复申请各种可供审判的传统法院和国家机构; （c）社区林业的概念由于其实验性质而仍然不明确； CBNRM计划可能导致无法预测的结果，例如无休止的冲突周期，而不是导致当地参与的预期结果和本地社区的有效资源管理，而可能导致不可预测的结果。必须谨慎地将CBNRM方案规定为解决发展中国家资源管理问题的灵丹妙药。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zama, Isaac Fru.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Social structure.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 232 p.
  • 总页数 232
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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