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Mesoscopically ordered block copolymer/silica materials: Synthesis, characterization, and applications.

机译:介观订购的嵌段共聚物/二氧化硅材料:合成,表征和应用。

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摘要

Mesoscopically ordered solids represent a new approach for obtaining better catalytic or optical properties by precisely tailoring materials' architectures at lengthscales of 10–1000 Å. Typically consisting of periodic liquid-crystalline structures such as cylindrical tubes packed in a hexagonal array or lamellar sheets, the small lengthscales and uniform structures within these materials are ideal for use as host materials. However, previous syntheses have yielded hydrothermally unstable powders, limiting their application to low temperature catalysis applications. This thesis explores a new synthetic route to fabricate transparent mesoscopically ordered silica materials in bulk form by using block copolymers to control the mesoscopic architecture. The structure of these silica/block copolymer composites was investigated in detail using a combination of NMR, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy to study the block copolymer distribution and morphology. Application of shear alignment techniques on the silica/block copolymer system produced highly aligned mesostructures over macroscopic distances, ideal for anisotropic alignment of large molecules. Finally, an optical limiting composite based upon the silica/block copolymer structures doped with an organic dye was found to have improved dye solubility and optical limiting performance compared to other dye/composite silica materials, demonstrating the utility of our block copolymer synthetic strategy.
机译:介观有序固体代表了一种新方法,可通过精确定制长度在10-1000Å范围内的材料结构来获得更好的催化或光学性质。通常由周期性液晶结构组成,例如以六边形阵列形式排列的圆柱形管或层状薄片,这些材料中的小长度刻度和均匀结构非常适合用作主体材料。然而,先前的合成已经产生了水热不稳定的粉末,将其应用限制在低温催化应用中。本文探索了一种新的合成途径,通过使用嵌段共聚物控制介观结构,来制造透明的介观有序二氧化硅材料。通过结合NMR,X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜对这些二氧化硅/嵌段共聚物复合材料的结构进行了详细研究,以研究嵌段共聚物的分布和形态。剪切对齐技术在二氧化硅/嵌段共聚物体系上的应用在宏观距离上产生了高度对齐的介观结构,非常适合大分子的各向异性对齐。最后,发现与其他染料/复合二氧化硅材料相比,基于掺有有机染料的二氧化硅/嵌段共聚物结构的限光复合材料具有更高的染料溶解度和光学限制性能,这证明了我们的嵌段共聚物合成策略的实用性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Melosh, Nicholas Alexander.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Santa Barbara.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Santa Barbara.;
  • 学科 Engineering Materials Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2001
  • 页码 137 p.
  • 总页数 137
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 工程材料学;
  • 关键词

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