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首页> 外文学位 >Converting low value lignocellulosic residues into valuable products using photo and bioelectrochemical catalysis.
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Converting low value lignocellulosic residues into valuable products using photo and bioelectrochemical catalysis.

机译：使用光催化和生物电化学催化将低价值的木质纤维素残留物转化为有价值的产品。

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摘要

Depleting fossil fuel resources, environmental damage and energy security are key factors driving the search for renewable energy supplies. Anaerobic digestion (AD), a well-developed technology, is widely used globally to produce an energy rich biogas from degradable organic matter. An alternative technology under development which produces electricity from the degradation of organic matter is microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Lignin, an abundant renewable organic chemical, is difficult to degrade using biological methods. This dissertation is focused on generating electricity from lignin-rich organic matter using a two-step process which included producing a chemical feedstock using photocatalysis followed by a bioelectrochemical conversion in an MFC.;Studies were conducted using sodium lignosulfonate (LS), a model lignin compound, and black liquor (BL), a lignin-rich waste product from pulp and paper industries. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) plus ultraviolet light was used in the photocataysis step. Optimization and modeling of the photocatalytic degradation process was performed using the Box-Behnken design method to achieve a maximum biological oxygen demand (BOD5) to chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratio. The effluent from the photocatalytic degradation process was fed into a single chamber air-cathode microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) to generate electricity.;In this study, commonly available electrode materials were selected, evaluated and compared with a focus on selecting the best performing type of electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry were used to evaluate the performance of the electrodes. The biofilm microbial diversity and performance of SCMFCs fed pretreated LS (PrLS) and pretreated black liquor (PrBL) were compared to SCMFCs fed glucose at the same COD loadings and operating conditions.;The energy production from PrBL using SCMFCs was also compared with the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. A total biogas production of 195+/-30 mL CH4 per g CODadded was obtained from two-stage AD of PrBL. The PrBL feed SCMFCs, generated maximum current and power densities of 8045+/-440 mA m-3 and 2815+/-120 mW m-3 , respectively. The SCMFCs removed 89.3+/-0.8% of the COD of PrBL and achieved coulombic and potential efficiencies of 7.8+/-0.6% and 65.7% respectively. This dissertation demonstrated that combining photocatalysis together with a bioelectrochemical process was useful for treating and generating electricity from lignin rich waste matter simultaneously.
机译：化石燃料资源的枯竭，环境破坏和能源安全是推动寻找可再生能源供应的关键因素。厌氧消化（AD）是一项发达的技术，已在全球范围内广泛用于从可降解有机物生产富含能量的沼气。微生物燃料电池（MFCs）是正在开发的另一种可通过有机物降解产生电能的技术。木质素是一种丰富的可再生有机化学物质，很难用生物方法降解。本论文的重点是采用两步法从富含木质素的有机物中发电，包括通过光催化生产化学原料，然后在MFC中进行生物电化学转化。;使用木质素磺酸钠（LS）（一种木质素模型）进行了研究。化合物和黑液（BL），这是来自纸浆和造纸行业的富含木质素的废物。在光催化步骤中使用了二氧化钛（TiO2）和紫外线。使用Box-Behnken设计方法对光催化降解过程进行了优化和建模，以实现最大生物需氧量（BOD5）与化学需氧量（COD）的比率。光催化降解过程产生的废水被送入单室空气阴极微生物燃料电池（SCMFC）中发电;在本研究中，选择，评估并比较了常用的电极材料，重点是选择性能最佳的类型电极。循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法用于评估电极的性能。在相同的COD负载和操作条件下，将饲喂预处理过的LS（PrLS）和预处理过的黑液（PrBL）的SCMFC的生物膜微生物多样性和性能与饲喂葡萄糖的SCMFCs进行了比较;还将SCMFC的PrBL产生的能量与厌氧的进行了比较。消化（AD）过程。从PrBL的两阶段AD获得的总沼气产量为195 +/- 30 mL CH4 / g COD。 PrBL进料SCMFC产生的最大电流和功率密度分别为8045 +/- 440 mA m-3和2815 +/- 120 mW m-3。 SCMFC去除了PrBL COD的89.3 +/- 0.8％，库仑效率和潜在效率分别为7.8 +/- 0.6％和65.7％。证明了光催化与生物电化学过程相结合对同时处理富含木质素的废物并产生电能是有用的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Shewa, Wudneh.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Windsor (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Windsor (Canada).;
  • 学科 Environmental engineering.;Environmental science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 228 p.
  • 总页数 228
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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