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首页> 外文学位 >Saving faces: Using eye movement, ERP, and SCR measures of face processing and recognition to investigate eyewitness identification.
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Saving faces: Using eye movement, ERP, and SCR measures of face processing and recognition to investigate eyewitness identification.

机译：保存脸部：使用眼睛移动，ERP和SCR措施进行脸部处理和识别，以调查目击者的识别。

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摘要

Research on eyewitness identification has repeatedly pointed to the unreliability of eyewitness memory, identifying many factors that can affect and alter what people remember and suggesting ways to question witnesses and conduct lineups to reduce the likelihood of memory distortions. These methods, however, involve direct questioning, and therefore are of little use if the witness does not have conscious access to the memory or is mistaken about what they remember.; Various behavioral and psychophysiological measures of memory can reveal differences in the processing of novel and previously encountered items, even in the absence of conscious recollection. This dissertation examines several measures of unconscious memory and investigates their possible application for face recognition.; Specifically, eye movements (EOG), galvanic skin response (GSR), and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded concurrently as individuals examined photographs of faces. Faces were studied for short (300–1000m) or long (3000–5000ms) durations; recognition memory was then tested after one of four delay intervals: ∼1/2 hour, one hour, one day, or one week.; Three measures in particular yielded differences between new and old faces regardless of recognition accuracy: (1) the amplitude of an early (N2) ERP component was larger for old than new faces, (2) fixations were more tightly clustered around the inner face features of old than new faces, and (3) old faces were associated with less left-bias fixations during the first second of viewing. All of these effects occurred even in the absence of conscious recollection, and, for the clustering of eye movements and the N2 ERP component, across all four test delays. Other measures tended to differentiate old from new faces, but were more sensitive to test delay and response accuracy. Some measures changed qualitatively across test delay, possibly reflecting the influence of memory consolidation processes. Despite its long use for lie detection, GSR measures were wholly unreliable for our purposes. To use various of these dependent measures for face recognition simultaneously is a feat that required certain technical advances; as some of these algorithms are of general interest (localizing eye fixations using EOG, removing EOG artifacts from the EEG), these will be mentioned in brief.
机译：关于目击者识别的研究反复指出了目击者记忆的不可靠性，确定了可能影响和改变人们记忆的许多因素，并提出了询问证人和进行举止的方式，以减少记忆失真的可能性。但是，这些方法涉及直接询问，因此如果证人没有意识地访问记忆或对他们记得的内容有误，则几乎没有用。记忆的各种行为和心理生理测量即使在没有有意识的回忆的情况下，也可以揭示处理新颖和先前遇到的项目时的差异。本文研究了无意识记忆的几种测量方法，并探讨了它们在人脸识别中的可能应用。具体来说，作为个人检查的面孔照片，同时记录了眼动（EOG），皮肤电反应（GSR）和事件相关的脑电势（ERP）。研究人员对脸进行了短时间（300-1000m）或长时间（3000-5000ms）的研究。然后在以下四个延迟间隔之一后测试识别记忆：〜1/2小时，1小时，1天或1周。不管识别精度如何，特别是三种测量方法都会在新面孔和旧面孔之间产生差异：（1）旧（N2）ERP组件的振幅对于旧面孔要比新面孔大;（2）固定物更紧密地聚集在内部面孔特征周围比新面孔更旧，以及（3）在观看的第一秒内，旧面孔与较少的左偏注视相关。所有这些影响甚至在没有有意识的回忆的情况下都会发生，并且对于眼动和N2 ERP组件的聚集，在所有四个测试延迟中均会发生。其他措施往往会将旧面孔与新面孔区分开，但对测试延迟和响应准确性更加敏感。在测试延迟中，某些度量发生了质的变化，可能反映了内存整合过程的影响。尽管GSR措施已被广泛用于谎言检测，但对于我们的目的而言，这是完全不可靠的。同时使用各种这些相关措施进行面部识别是一项壮举，需要某些技术上的进步；由于这些算法中的某些是普遍关注的（使用EOG定位眼固定，从EEG中去除EOG伪影），因此将简要介绍这些算法。

著录项

  • 作者

    Joyce, Carrie A.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, San Diego.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, San Diego.;
  • 学科 Psychology Cognitive.; Psychology Experimental.; Psychology Physiological.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 373 p.
  • 总页数 373
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 心理学;心理学;生理心理学;
  • 关键词

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