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首页> 外文学位 >The impact of computer architecture features on image processing application execution times: A case study using MPEG image sequence compression on the IBM SP2.
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The impact of computer architecture features on image processing application execution times: A case study using MPEG image sequence compression on the IBM SP2.

机译：计算机体系结构功能对图像处理应用程序执行时间的影响：在IBM SP2上使用MPEG图像序列压缩的案例研究。

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Many image-processing applications require special-purpose hardware to run in real time. Others can run on general-purpose computers only on small images. The use of image-processing programs becomes more common as general-purpose computers advance so they run these programs in real time on larger images.; The field of mathematics called image algebra defines a complete set of data and operations for expressing any image-to-image transformation. This mathematical foundation has previously been used to guide the development of special-purpose image processors. The research reported in this thesis expands on the previous work to show how to apply this theoretical and practical background to identify specific features that could improve the performance of general-purpose computers when executing a wide variety of image-processing programs.; We used an MPEG2 encoding program as a benchmark to test the validity of the approach with experiments performed on an IBM SP2 scaleable parallel computer. The nodes of the SP2 used for the experiments include the Power2 processor which runs the RS6000 instruction set.; The theoretical background suggested, and the experiments verified, specific enhancements to decrease the execution time for the fundamental image-algebra operations. The most significant impact would be to increase the number of moderate precision (8–16 bits) integer arithmetic operations that can be executed each clock cycle. This can be accomplished with additional fixed-point units, instructions to convert from fixed-point to floating-point format, or floating-point units that can operate on fixed-point data. Compound instructions for integer multiply-accumulate, add-max, and multiply-max are also recommended to better support the fundamental image-algebra operations.; The theoretical background was also applied to identify and evaluate similar improvements to sub-word parallel instruction-set extensions such as those contained in MMX, VIS, Altivec, and MAX-2. In addition, enhancements to the communications structure were identified to improve the ability of message-passing distributed-memory MIMD computers to execute parallelized image-processing programs.; We concluded that the image algebra provides a solid theoretical foundation that suggests effective ways to improve general-purpose computers so they execute image-processing programs faster.
机译：许多图像处理应用程序需要专用硬件才能实时运行。其他人只能在小型图像上的通用计算机上运行。随着通用计算机的发展，图像处理程序的使用变得越来越普遍，因此它们可以在较大的图像上实时运行这些程序。称为图像代数的数学领域定义了一组完整的数据和用于表示任何图像到图像转换的运算。这个数学基础以前已被用来指导专用图像处理器的开发。本论文报道的研究是在先前工作的基础上展开的，以展示如何应用这一理论和实践背景来确定在执行各种图像处理程序时可以改善通用计算机性能的特定功能。我们使用MPEG2编码程序作为基准，通过在IBM SP2可伸缩并行计算机上进行的实验来测试该方法的有效性。用于实验的SP2的节点包括运行RS6000指令集的Power2处理器。提出了理论背景，并通过了实验验证了特定的增强功能，以减少基本图像代数运算的执行时间。最大的影响是增加了每个时钟周期可以执行的中等精度（8-16位）整数算术运算的数量。这可以通过附加定点单元，从定点格式转换为浮点格式的指令或可以对定点数据进行操作的浮点单元来实现。还建议使用整数乘法，累加和最大乘积的复合指令，以更好地支持基本的图像代数运算。理论背景还用于识别和评估对子字并行指令集扩展的类似改进，例如MMX，VIS，Altivec和MAX-2中包含的扩展。此外，还确定了通信结构的增强，以提高消息传递的分布式内存MIMD计算机执行并行图像处理程序的能力。我们得出的结论是，图像代数提供了扎实的理论基础，为改进通用计算机提供了有效的方法，从而使它们能够更快地执行图像处理程序。

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