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Assessing the consequences of ozone depletion on ecosystem function: Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on plant biomass, tissue quality and litter decomposition.

机译：评估臭氧消耗对生态系统功能的影响：紫外线B辐射对植物生物量，组织质量和凋落物分解的影响。

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摘要

I investigated if variable levels of UV-B exposure during growth altered plant litter production and quality in ways that indirectly modified decomposition of litter material from ten species including three angiosperm trees, three forbs, three grasses, and one gymnosperm tree. For UV-B effects on litter production, I found that ambient UV-B levels (versus no UV-B) did not affect the aboveground biomass (litter production) of any of three grasses, one of three forbs, and the one angiosperm tree examined. However, it did alter the biomass of the two other forbs by stimulating production in one and reducing it in the other. For effects on plant tissue quality, I observed that ambient UV-B (versus no UV-B) altered different aspects of tissue chemistry (total C, C:N, lignin, lignin:N, holocellulose, tannins) in all three forb species, one of three grass species, and one of three angiosperm tree species examined and also altered leaf morphology (thickness) in another of the angiosperm tree species tested. Furthermore, in the gymnosperm tree examined, elevated UV-B (versus ambient UV-B) modified aspects of needle chemistry (lignin:N, holocellulose). Finally, for indirect UV-B effects on plant decomposition, I found that although litter quality was altered in some angiosperm species, UV-B treatment neither indirectly modified laboratory and terrestrial litter decay for any of the angiosperm trees, forbs, and grasses examined nor did it modify macro-invertebrate litter utilization and aquatic litter decomposition for the angiosperm trees tested. In contrast to those results, for the gymnosperm tree species tested, needles decay rates were significantly higher for material grown under elevated UV-B (versus ambient conditions). Overall, my results suggest that while UV-B alterations of litter production might affect the amount of litter processing and nutrient cycling, it does not appear that UV-B effects on litter quality will indirectly alter decomposition rates to a substantial degree in either terrestrial or aquatic systems receiving angiosperm litter inputs. However, UV-B effects observed on the tissue quality and decomposition of one gymnosperm species suggests that more experiments should be performed to determine if decay processes in ecosystems where gymnosperms predominate will be affected by variations in UV-B.
机译：我调查了生长过程中不同水平的UV-B暴露是否改变了植物凋落物的产量和质量，从而间接改变了10种物种（包括3个被子植物树，3个Forbs，3个草和1个裸子植物树）的凋落物分解。对于UV-B对凋落物产生的影响，我发现周围的UV-B水平（相对于无UV-B）不影响三种草，三种草之一和一棵被子植物的地上生物量（凋落物产生）。检查。但是，它确实通过刺激一个生产而减少了另一个而改变了另外两个草的生物量。关于对植物组织质量的影响，我观察到在所有三个福布斯物种中，环境UV-B（而不是UV-B）改变了组织化学的不同方面（总C，C：N，木质素，木质素：N，全纤维素，单宁酸） ，三种被子植物之一和三种被子植物之一，并改变了另一种被子植物的叶片形态（厚度）。此外，在检查的裸子植物树中，UV-B（相对于环境UV-B）升高会改变针化学（木质素：N，全纤维素）。最后，关于UV-B对植物分解的间接影响，我发现尽管某些被子植物的凋落物质量发生了变化，但UV-B处理并没有间接改变实验室和陆生凋落物的腐烂，也没有改变被检查的被子植物树，草和草。它是否对测试的被子植物树的大型无脊椎动物凋落物利用率和水生凋落物分解有影响。与那些结果相反，对于测试的裸子植物树种，在升高的UV-B（相对于环境条件）下生长的材料的针头腐烂率明显更高。总体而言，我的研究结果表明，虽然产褥垫料中的UV-B改变可能会影响垫料加工和养分循环的数量，但似乎UV-B对垫料质量的影响不会在很大程度上改变陆地或土壤的分解速率。接受被子植物垃圾输入的水生系统。但是，观察到的UV-B对一种裸子植物物种的组织质量和分解的影响表明，应进行更多的实验以确定裸子植物占主导地位的生态系统中的衰变过程是否会受到UV-B的变化的影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cybulski, Walter John, III.;

  • 作者单位

    West Virginia University.;

  • 授予单位 West Virginia University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.; Biology Botany.; Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 p.1691
  • 总页数 223
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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