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首页> 外文学位 >Behavioral and neurochemical effects of 96-hour methamphetamine self-administration in male and female rats: Creating, developing and characterizing a novel model of methamphetamine abuse.
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Behavioral and neurochemical effects of 96-hour methamphetamine self-administration in male and female rats: Creating, developing and characterizing a novel model of methamphetamine abuse.

机译：96小时甲基苯丙胺自我给药在雄性和雌性大鼠中的行为和神经化学作用：建立，发展和表征新型的甲基苯丙胺滥用模型。

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摘要

Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant drug of abuse for which no FDA approved treatment exists. Methamphetamine is unique among psychostimulants in that its use is associated with increases in violence, aggression, aberrant sexual behavior and HIV/AIDS. In the past 25 years, there has been a dramatic increase in methamphetamine use in the United States, predominantly among women. However, female subjects are understudied compared to males. Women tend to initiate methamphetamine use earlier than men and prefer to use methamphetamine over other drugs. Furthermore, women are considered to be significantly more violent under the influence of methamphetamine compared to men; violence which is not reported with the use of other drugs of abuse. Women methamphetamine users are typically of childbearing age and there is a large repertoire of police reports stating that under the influence of methamphetamine, women abuse, neglect, torture and murder their children. While high on methamphetamine, both male and female methamphetamine users report engaging in risky (i.e. unprotected, with strangers, with multiple partners at once) sexual behavior and are more likely to be involved in violent criminal activities, engage in domestic violence and sexual violence. Since methamphetamine administration can involve needles for injection and increased violent and risky sexual behavior, this drug poses as a significant risk factor for the spread of HIV/AIDS. All of these factors contribute to the dangerous reputation associated with methamphetamine, thus, developing a useful treatment to combat methamphetamine addiction is necessary. Humans typically use methamphetamine in a binge and crash, meaning they take the drug for days at a time (binge) and then abruptly stop taking the drug (crash) until they can acquire more. I have recently developed a 96-hour methamphetamine self-administration model in rats, which may more closely resemble how human methamphetamine users take the drug. The focus of my dissertation was to utilize this 96-hour model to assess drug-taking behaviors, aggressive behavior and neurochemical and physiological alterations induced by methamphetamine taking in male and female rats. The objective of my dissertation was to validate this novel model of methamphetamine self-administration by exploring behaviors and neurobiology involved in methamphetamine addiction in male and female rats in a way that I believe is more translatable to the human condition of methamphetamine taking. The 96-hour methamphetamine self-administration model itself is considered a correlative model, which has predictive validity. The aggressive behaviors as well as methamphetamine-induced neurobiological and physiological changes in these rats are considered to be isomorphic and homologous models that have face and construct validity, as human methamphetamine addicts display aggressive behaviors and the neurobiology and physiology underlying these behaviors is similar between rats and humans. My central hypothesis is that chronic 96-hour methamphetamine self-administration In male and female rats leads to the development of behavioral, neurochemical and physiological alterations that are also present in human methamphetamine users..
机译：甲基苯丙胺是一种高度成瘾的精神刺激药物，目前尚无FDA批准的治疗方法。甲基苯丙胺在精神兴奋剂中是独特的，因为它的使用与暴力，侵略，性行为异常和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的增加有关。在过去的25年中，在美国，主要在妇女中，甲基苯丙胺的使用急剧增加。但是，与男性相比，女性受试者的研究不足。妇女往往比男子更早开始使用甲基苯丙胺，并且比其他药物更喜欢使用甲基苯丙胺。此外，与甲基苯丙胺相比，在甲基苯丙胺的影响下，妇女被认为暴力更为明显；没有报告使用其他滥用药物的暴力行为。甲基苯丙胺的女性使用者通常处于生育年龄，警方的大量报道表明，在甲基苯丙胺的影响下，妇女虐待，忽视，酷刑和谋杀其子女。虽然甲基苯丙胺使用者的甲基苯丙胺含量很高，但据报告男性和女性的甲基苯丙胺使用者都具有危险的性行为（即不受保护，与陌生人同时与多个伴侣在一起）性行为，并且更有可能参与暴力犯罪活动，家庭暴力和性暴力。由于甲基苯丙胺的给药可能涉及注射针头，并增加了暴力和危险的性行为，因此该药成为艾滋病毒/艾滋病传播的重要危险因素。所有这些因素都会导致与甲基苯丙胺相关的危险声誉，因此，有必要开发一种有效的方法来对抗甲基苯丙胺成瘾。人类通常会在暴饮暴食中使用甲基苯丙胺，这意味着他们一次服用几天（暴饮暴食），然后突然停止服用药物（崩溃），直到获得更多。我最近在大鼠中开发了一个96小时的甲基苯丙胺自我管理模型，该模型可能更类似于人类甲基苯丙胺使用者服用该药物的方式。我的论文的重点是利用这个96小时的模型来评估甲基苯丙胺对雄性和雌性大鼠的吸毒行为，攻击行为以及神经化学和生理变化。我的论文的目的是通过探索雄性和雌性大鼠中甲基苯丙胺成瘾的行为和神经生物学来验证这种甲基苯丙胺自我管理的新型模型，我认为这种方式更适合于服用甲基苯丙胺的人体状况。 96小时的甲基苯丙胺自我管理模型本身被认为是相关模型，具有预测效度。这些人的攻击行为以及由甲基苯丙胺引起的神经生物学和生理学变化被认为是同构的，同源的，具有面部和结构有效性的模型，因为人类甲基苯丙胺成瘾者表现出攻击行为，而这些行为所基于的神经生物学和生理学在大鼠之间是相似的和人类。我的中心假设是，在雄性和雌性大鼠中进行96小时慢性甲基苯丙胺自我给药会导致行为，神经化学和生理学改变的发展，人类甲基苯丙胺使用者也存在这种改变。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cornett, Elyse Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport.;

  • 授予单位 Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center - Shreveport.;
  • 学科 Neurosciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 286 p.
  • 总页数 286
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物物理学;
  • 关键词

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