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Comparative analysis of European and American working class attainments: Equality, living standards, and social structures of accumulation.

机译：欧美工人阶级成就的比较分析：平等，生活水平和积累的社会结构。

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摘要

This dissertation compares working class fortunes in the U.S., UK, France, and Germany. I examine which national working class has achieved most in terms of absolute and relative living standards. The working class is defined as the bottom 40% of a nation's population. Indicators of absolute living standards used are purchasing power, total wage compensation, ownership of material goods, life expectancy, and infant mortality. Indicators of relative living standards are percentile income distribution, poverty rates, unemployment rates, educational enrolment, and state social expenditures.; Regarding absolute living standards, the United States' working class is ahead of Europe in material ownership. However, Europeans have greater levels of social benefits, insurance, and labor protections relative to American workers. Regarding relative living standards or equality levels, Europeans have a solid lead over Americans except in the area of educational opportunities. The poorest segment of the working class (bottom 10% and 20% of population) is better off in Europe by all measures including material levels.; The second section examines the relative importance of union density, collective bargaining patterns, strike activity, and the relative power of left vs. right political parties as explanatory variables for greater working class attainments. Using data ranging from the 1940s to the present, for 21 OECD countries, I find these measures all correlate significantly in the expected direction with indicators of equality. Economic forces are more strongly associated with absolute measures of wellbeing. However, all of the independent variables of working class action also influence some of the absolute indicators.; The final sections give a review of labor and political history in these countries. My historical analysis is embedded within the framework of Social Structures of Accumulation (SSA) theory. I document that the labor movement has been more successful in periods when it applied high levels of class conflict expressed through strike activity and especially when confrontation reached revolutionary proportions. I also suggest that a new 21st century long wave of prosperity is emerging with a weakened global working class which is unlikely to reap as many benefits as it did earlier during the 20 th century expansion.
机译：本文比较了美国，英国，法国和德国工人阶级的命运。我考察了哪个国家的工人阶级在绝对和相对生活水平方面取得了最大的成就。工人阶级的定义是一国人口的最底层40％。所使用的绝对生活水平的指标是购买力，总工资补偿，物资所有权，预期寿命和婴儿死亡率。相对生活水平的指标是百分位数的收入分配，贫困率，失业率，教育入学率和州社会支出。关于绝对生活水平，美国工人阶级在物质所有权上领先于欧洲。但是，与美国工人相比，欧洲人的社会福利，保险和劳工保护水平更高。关于相对生活水平或平等水平，除了受教育机会方面，欧洲人在美国人方面领先于其他人。通过包括物质水平在内的所有措施，欧洲最贫穷的工人阶层（分别占人口的10％和20％）更为有利。第二部分研究了工会密度，集体谈判模式，罢工活动以及左派与右派政党的相对权力作为获得更大工人阶级成就的解释变量的相对重要性。使用从1940年代到现在的数据，对于21个经合组织国家，我发现这些措施在预期方向上均与平等指标显着相关。经济力量与绝对福祉之间有着更紧密的联系。但是，工人阶级行为的所有独立变量也影响某些绝对指标。最后几节回顾了这些国家的劳工和政治历史。我的历史分析嵌入了“积累的社会结构”（SSA）理论的框架内。我记录到，在工人运动通过罢工活动表现出高水平的阶级冲突，特别是当对抗达到革命性程度的时期，它取得了更大的成功。我还建议，随着全球工人阶级的削弱，正在出现一个新的21世纪漫长的繁荣浪潮，这不可能像20世纪初期的扩张那样获得那么多的好处。

著录项

  • 作者

    Asimakopoulos, John.;

  • 作者单位

    City University of New York.;

  • 授予单位 City University of New York.;
  • 学科 Sociology Industrial and Labor Relations.; Economics Labor.; Political Science General.; Sociology Social Structure and Development.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 435 p.
  • 总页数 435
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会学;劳动经济;政治理论;社会结构和社会关系;
  • 关键词

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