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Trends in regional disparities and economic growth in China.

机译：中国地区差距和经济增长的趋势。

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摘要

Since the establishment of the People's Republic of China, all the regions in China have become much richer. However, the income levels and the growth rates vary greatly from region to region. In this paper, we use spatial econometric modeling and variance decomposition to study the question of whether these disparate experiences represent convergence towards regional income equality and what can account for these disparate growth experiences.;First, we confirmed other researchers' findings that there existed an overall unconditional divergence in China during 1965--1978, and an overall unconditional convergence during 1978--1990. However, conditional on the initial agriculture share of GDP, the initial enrollment rate in secondary school, the population density and the regional dummies, the result is totally changed: we find that there existed an overall conditional convergence during 1965--1978, and an overall conditional divergence during 1978--1990.;Second, we carried out a more detailed analysis for 1978--1997. We find that although the general provinces on average have been catching up with the municipalities, the inequalities among them have increased. The adoption of HRS in agriculture, price reform, development of TVE, structural change of employment, and migration all played important roles in regional growth. We also find evidence of a significant structural change of growth in 1991. Before 1991, increasing the relative price of farm products to industrial products for rural retail was beneficial to income growth. Since 1991, this benefit of price reform is gone. In addition, since 1991, the role of investment and TVE in promoting growth has become more significant, and the gap between the coast and the interior has been widening quickly.;Finally, we used household survey data to study the issue of urban-rural inequalities. We show that regional income inequalities among both the rural residents and the urban residents have increased during 1978--1997. However, the rural inequalities and the urban inequalities across the provinces are far less than the overall inequalities. The largest source of overall inequalities is not among the provinces but within each province, namely, the urban-rural income differences.
机译：自中华人民共和国成立以来，中国所有地区都变得更加富裕。但是，不同地区的收入水平和增长率差异很大。在本文中，我们使用空间计量经济学建模和方差分解研究以下问题：这些不同的经验是否代表着朝着地区收入平等的趋同，以及哪些因素可以解释这些不同的增长经验。 1965--1978年期间中国的总体无条件分歧，以及1978--1990年期间的总体无条件分歧。但是，以初始农业在GDP中所占份额，中学的初始入学率，人口密度和区域虚拟人口为条件，结果完全改变了：我们发现1965--1978年期间存在总体条件收敛，并且1978--1990年期间的总体条件差异;其次，我们对1978--1997年进行了更详细的分析。我们发现，尽管一般省份的平均水平已经赶上了直辖市，但它们之间的不平等程度有所增加。 HRS在农业中的采用，价格改革，乡镇企业的发展，就业的结构性变化和移民在区域增长中都发挥了重要作用。我们还发现有证据表明1991年增长出现了重大的结构变化。在1991年之前，提高农产品对农村零售工业产品的相对价格有利于收入增长。自1991年以来，价格改革的好处消失了。此外，自1991年以来，投资和乡镇企业在促进增长中的作用变得越来越重要，沿海与内陆之间的差距迅速扩大。;最后，我们使用家庭调查数据研究了城乡问题不平等。我们发现，在1978--1997年期间，农村居民和城市居民之间的地区收入不平等都在增加。但是，各省的农村不平等和城市不平等远小于总体不平等。总体不平等的最大根源不在各省之间，而是各省之内，即城乡收入差异。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zhan, Shiqiang.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Chicago.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Chicago.;
  • 学科 Economics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 96 p.
  • 总页数 96
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 宗教;
  • 关键词

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