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首页> 外文学位 >Mechanisms underlying distortions in flashbulb memories for September 11, 2001.
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Mechanisms underlying distortions in flashbulb memories for September 11, 2001.

机译：2001年9月11日，灯泡记忆变形的潜在机制。

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摘要

Each time a memory is retrieved, its reconstruction is influenced by a host of factors. Emotion is typically recalled as a central component of people's flashbulb memory. Events that lead to flashbulb memories evoke highly charged emotions that are new experiences each time an individual has thoughts of the event. Despite the claim of most people that they will never forget their flashbulb memories, memories for the emotions associated with flashbulb memories are frequently inaccurate. Our research revealed that these distortions in memory for emotion follow specific patterns of Implicit Theories of Change and Stability and Emotional Appraisal Theory. In this dissertation, we focus on flashbulb memories of the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. A total of 3,246 surveys were distributed and collected from 7 major cities across the country 1 week, 11 months and 35 months after the attacks. Questions on the survey pertain to circumstances in which participants learned of event, emotional and social/psychological attitudes and impact, facts about the events, demographic information and rating scales for confidence. Two mechanisms found to govern 9/11 flashbulb memory errors were expectations and current emotion. When people erroneously recalled past emotion at the time of the terrorist attacks, the mistakes they made tended towards overestimating their feelings of shock. This shift in emotion follows an implicit theories of change based on an expectation that they would have felt shocked during a significant and consequential event in the past. Generally, people hold implicit theories of stability regarding their emotions. This is evidenced by the fact that current emotion drives recall for former emotion.
机译：每次检索存储器时，其重构都会受到许多因素的影响。人们通常回想起情感是人们闪光灯记忆的重要组成部分。导致闪光灯记忆的事件会唤起人们高度的情绪，这是个人每次想到该事件时的新体验。尽管大多数人声称他们永远不会忘记他们的闪光灯记忆，但与闪光灯记忆相关的情绪记忆却常常不准确。我们的研究表明，这些对情感的记忆扭曲遵循内隐的变化和稳定性理论以及情感评估理论的特定模式。在本文中，我们将重点放在2001年9月11日恐怖袭击的闪光灯记忆上。在袭击发生1周，11个月和35个月后，共从全国7个主要城市分发并收集了3,246份调查报告。调查中的问题与参与者了解事件，情感和社会/心理态度和影响，事件的事实，人口统计信息以及信心等级的情况有关。发现控制9/11闪光灯记忆错误的两种机制是期望和当前情绪。当人们错误地回忆起恐怖袭击发生时的过去情感时，他们犯的错误往往会高估他们的震惊感。情绪上的这种变化遵循了一个隐含的变化理论，该理论基于一个期望，即他们会在过去的重大事件中感到震惊。通常，人们对他们的情绪持有隐含的稳定性理论。事实证明，当下的情绪促使人们回忆起以前的情绪。

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  • 作者

    Winkel, Rebecca.;

  • 作者单位

    New School University.;

  • 授予单位 New School University.;
  • 学科 American Studies.;Psychology Cognitive.;Psychology Social.;Psychology Experimental.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 77 p.
  • 总页数 77
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 社会心理、社会行为;心理学;心理学;
  • 关键词

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