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Automatic generation of work spaces and analysis of time -space conflicts at construction sites.

机译：在施工现场自动生成工作空间并分析时空冲突。

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摘要

As contractors face increasing pressure to shorten project delivery, they schedule more activities concurrently. Consequently, space becomes a critical resource during construction. Today's scheduling tools do not explicitly represent the work spaces needed for activities. Therefore, time-space conflicts, which exist when an activity's space requirements interfere with another activity's space requirements or work-in-place, occur frequently at construction sites. Project managers reactively manage these conflicts by delaying one of the conflicting activities. Ideally, they should represent and manage work spaces of activities during planning to detect, analyze and manage possible time-space conflicts between activities prior to construction.;The representation of activity space requirements, and the detection and analysis of time-space conflicts prior to construction pose unique challenges. Depending on the construction method being used, activities require multiple types of work spaces with varying orientation and volumetric requirements. The locations and sizes of these spaces change across time according to the locations and sizes of the components and the scheduled durations of the activities. Time-space conflicts exist only during certain periods of times. There are several types of conflicts creating different problems on site. Multiple types of spatial conflicts can exist between a pair of conflicting activities.;This research addresses these challenges by defining the representation and reasoning mechanisms necessary to automate the generation of work spaces and the analysis of time-space conflicts. It defines an ontology that represents work spaces generically within construction method models. This ontology models the relationship between construction methods and work spaces. The synthesis of this ontology in conjunction with a project-specific production model enables the automated generation of activity space requirements represented in four dimensions. Once the spaces are represented in four dimensions, discrete-event simulation and geometric clash detection mechanisms automate the detection of time-space conflicts. Modeling time-space conflict analysis as a classification task and a taxonomy of spatial conflicts allow the categorization and the prioritization of the time-space conflicts.;These formalisms provide an environment for project managers to define and generate work spaces, and to analyze time-space conflicts prior to construction. This proactive time-space conflict management could minimize activity delays and improve safety and quality at construction sites.
机译：随着承包商面临越来越大的缩短项目交付时间的压力，他们会同时安排更多的活动。因此，空间在施工过程中成为关键资源。当今的计划工具并未明确表示活动所需的工作空间。因此，当活动的空间需求干扰另一个活动的空间需求或就地工作时，时空冲突经常在建筑工地发生。项目经理通过延迟冲突活动之一来反应性地管理这些冲突。理想情况下，他们应该在计划过程中表示和管理活动的工作空间，以在构建之前检测，分析和管理活动之间可能存在的时空冲突。;活动空间需求的表示以及在构建之前对时空冲突的检测和分析建设提出了独特的挑战。根据所使用的施工方法，活动需要具有不同方向和体积要求的多种类型的工作空间。这些空间的位置和大小会根据组件的位置和大小以及活动的计划持续时间而随时间变化。时空冲突仅在特定时间段内存在。有几种类型的冲突会在现场造成不同的问题。一对冲突的活动之间可能存在多种类型的空间冲突。本研究通过定义自动生成工作空间和分析时空冲突所必需的表示和推理机制来解决这些挑战。它定义了一个本体，该本体通常表示构造方法模型中的工作空间。该本体建模了构造方法和工作空间之间的关系。该本体的综合与特定项目的生产模型相结合，可以自动生成以四个维度表示的活动空间需求。一旦将空间表示为四个维度，离散事件模拟和几何冲突检测机制将自动检测时空冲突。将时空冲突分析建模为分类任务和空间冲突的分类法，可以对时空冲突进行分类和优先排序。这些形式主义为项目经理提供了一个定义和生成工作空间以及分析时间的环境。施工前发生空间冲突。这种主动的时空冲突管理可以最大程度地减少活动延迟，并提高建筑工地的安全性和质量。

著录项

  • 作者

    Akinci, Burcu Hikmet.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 162 p.
  • 总页数 162
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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