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首页> 外文学位 >Testing an ecological model of career aspirations: The role of community, family, and individual human capital variables among pre- and mid -adolescent children of public assistance recipients.
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Testing an ecological model of career aspirations: The role of community, family, and individual human capital variables among pre- and mid -adolescent children of public assistance recipients.

机译：测试职业理想的生态模型：公共援助接受者的学前和中期青少年中社区，家庭和个人人力资本变量的作用。

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摘要

Because of the long term economic importance of career decisions made during childhood and adolescence, this study examined community, mother, and child human capital predictors of the socioeconomic status (SES) of the jobs desired and expected by 9–13 year old children (N = 159) whose mothers were receiving public assistance. Human capital was measured as the quality of jobs held by mothers and members of their communities and was also measured by the educational attainments of the children, mothers, and community members. For mothers and children, psychological self-competence was also included as a measure of human capital. Using the ecological framework it was hypothesized that the capital would flow from the community to the mother and then to the child. A path model was used to test this model which was modified based on model-fitting exercises. Overall, the predicted ecological model was supported in the final model. Community educational attainment predicted mother's educational attainment, which in turn predicted academic achievement and self-competence of children. Children's grades and the SES of mother's jobs predicted children's desired and expected jobs and were the strongest influences of children's career aspirations.;Demographic comparisons of job desires and expectations revealed no age differences. However, females had higher desired and expected careers than males, and children of White mothers had higher career expectations than children of Black mothers. The SES of children's desired and expected careers were similar to each other and remained stable from the first interview to the follow-up interview one year later. However, the SES of children's career aspirations were nearly twice that of their mothers or their communities, unlike other studies of nonimpoverished children whose career aspirations were similar to their parents. This suggests that children living in poverty may be less likely to realize their aspirations that other children. Although this model does not explain how much socialization or accesses to opportunities explain the impact of community, mother, and child capital on children's career decisions, it does indicate that each is important in the broad picture of children's career aspirations. Results suggest that an ecological approach is needed to improve the career outcomes for children living in poverty.
机译：由于在童年和青春期做出职业决定具有长期的经济重要性，因此本研究调查了社区，母亲和儿童的人力资本预测因素，这些预测因素是9-13岁儿童所期望和期望的工作的社会经济状况（SES）（N = 159）其母亲正在接受公共援助。人力资本的衡量标准是母亲及其社区成员所从事的工作的质量，也可以通过子女，母亲和社区成员的受教育程度来衡量。对于母亲和儿童，心理上的自我能力也被包括在内作为人力资本的一种衡量标准。假设使用生态框架，资本将从社区流向母亲，然后流向儿童。使用路径模型来测试该模型，该模型基于模型拟合练习进行了修改。总体而言，最终模型支持了预测的生态模型。社区受教育程度预示着母亲的受教育程度，这反过来又预示了孩子的学业成就和自我能力。儿童的成绩和母亲工作的SES可以预测儿童的期望和期望的工作，并且是儿童职业愿望的最大影响力。人口统计学对工作欲望和期望的比较没有年龄差异。但是，女性比男性具有更高的期望和期望职业，白人母亲的子女比黑人母亲的子女具有更高的职业期望。儿童的期望和期望职业的SES彼此相似，并且从第一次访谈到一年后的后续访谈保持稳定。然而，与其他对非贫困儿童的职业志向与父母相似的研究不同，儿童的职业志向的SES接近其母亲或社区的两倍。这表明生活在贫困中的儿童可能不太可能实现其他儿童的愿望。尽管此模型不能解释社会化程度或获得机会的程度可以解释社区，母亲和儿童资本对儿童职业决定的影响，但它确实表明，每种方式在儿童职业志向的广泛了解中都很重要。结果表明，需要一种生态方法来改善生活在贫困中的儿童的职业生涯。

著录项

  • 作者

    Huber, Melissa Sue.;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan State University.;

  • 授予单位 Michigan State University.;
  • 学科 Psychology Developmental.;Sociology Public and Social Welfare.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 193 p.
  • 总页数 193
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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