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首页> 外文学位 >Biology of attachment and germination of Phyllosticta ampelicida conidia.
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Biology of attachment and germination of Phyllosticta ampelicida conidia.

机译：Phyllosticta ampelicida分生孢子的附着和萌发生物学。

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摘要

Phyllosticta ampelicida is unique among characterized plant pathogenic fungi in that its conidia germinate only after they become attached to a substratum. Attachment occurs within seconds on hydrophobic surfaces however, when the substratum is hydrophilic spore attachment is delayed for periods up to 24 h. A germ-tube becomes visible within 45--60 min after initial attachment to the substratum, and always emerges from the conidium surface in contact with the substratum. Attachment is mediated by a preformed gelatinous sheath surrounding the conidia at maturity. The sheath is composed, at least partially, of glucan moieties which may be involved in attachment. Binding of these glucans with concanavalin A disrupts attachment, as does removal of the sheath with various glucanases. The presence of various cations in the external environment can induce attachment to normally non-inductive surfaces, but only Ca2+ also enhances germination. External Ca2+ is required for both germination and appressorium formation to proceed. Maximal germination and appressorium formation occur when calcium is present near pCa3 concentrations. Pharmacological antagonists of Ca 2+ entry into the cytoplasm, including nicardipine, La3+, and the mechano-stimulated channel blocker Gd3+, also disrupt germination and appressorium formation. Antagonism of calmodulin inhibits both developmental events. One possible mechanism for germination signaling is that attachment of the spore to the substratum stretches the membrane, opening ion channels and allowing external Ca2+ to enter the cytoplasm which in turn initiates Ca2+ mediated signaling pathways. Transformation with the calcium binding luminescent protein apo-aequorin, allowed for monitoring of cytoplasmic calcium levels in P. ampelicida mycelia.
机译：ampyllosticta ampelicida在植物致病真菌中是独特的，因为它的分生孢子仅在它们附着于基质后才发芽。然而，当基质是亲水的时，在疏水表面上的附着会在几秒钟内发生，但孢子的附着最多会延迟24小时。细菌管在最初附着到基底后的45--60分钟内可见，并且总是从与基底接触的分生孢子表面出现。附着是由成熟的围绕分生孢子的预制胶状鞘介导的。所述鞘至少部分地由葡聚糖部分组成，其可以参与连接。这些葡聚糖与伴刀豆球蛋白A的结合破坏了附着，如同用各种葡聚糖酶去除鞘一样。外部环境中各种阳离子的存在可诱导附着在通常非感应性的表面上，但只有Ca2 +也会增强发芽。进行发芽和形成附子都需要外部Ca2 +。当在pCa3浓度附近存在钙时，最大发芽和顶生菌形成。 Ca 2+进入细胞质的药理拮抗剂，包括尼卡地平，La3 +和机械刺激的通道阻滞剂Gd3 +，也破坏了发芽和顶叶的形成。钙调蛋白的拮抗作用抑制了两个发育事件。萌发信号传导的一种可能机制是孢子附着在基质上，拉伸膜，打开离子通道，并允许外部Ca2 +进入细胞质，进而启动Ca2 +介导的信号传导途径。用钙结合发光蛋白载脂蛋白-aequorin进行转化，可用于监测amp。ampelicida菌丝体中细胞质钙水平。

著录项

  • 作者

    Shaw, Brian Douglas.;

  • 作者单位

    Cornell University.;

  • 授予单位 Cornell University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.; Biology Microbiology.; Biology Cell.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 136 p.
  • 总页数 136
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;微生物学;细胞生物学;
  • 关键词

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