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A study on the thermal decomposition of HAN-based liquid propellants.

机译：HAN基液体推进剂的热分解研究。

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摘要

HAN-based liquid propellants have been pursued as liquid gun and rocket propellants for many years due to low environmental impact and high density. To realize these advantages, however, several crucial operational problems must be solved including combustion instability, material incompatibility, and reliable ignition at low pressure. Therefore, extensive studies are being undertaken to characterize the ignition and combustion behavior of the propellants. The objectives of this study are to identify the gas-phase decomposition products of a HAN-based liquid propellant, XM46, as well as its ingredients, which are formed from rapid condensed-phase reactions, and to determine the reaction rates of a reduced reaction model for HAN by applying an inverse-based fitting technique.; Measurements were made by FTIR spectroscopy in order to determine the thermal decomposition of hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN), triethanolammonium nitrate (TEAN), as well as XM46, a propellant composed of HAN, TEAN, and water, at atmospheric pressure in a nitrogen environment. The major detected decomposition species of HAN were H2O, N2O, NO, NO2, and HNO3. Solid TEAN produced the IR-active decomposition species, H2O, NO, CO2, CO, N2O, and NO2. In XM46 decomposition, a sequential decomposition of HAN and TEAN was revealed. Evaporation of H2O was followed by HAN dominated decomposition, producing N2O, NO, and HNO3. In the later stage, TEAN reactions became dominant to form CO2 and additional NO.; A numerical analysis was conducted to deduce the Arrhenius-type reaction rates of the reduced reaction model for HAN. The reaction rates were obtained by an inverse-based analysis in a way that minimized an objective function, which consisted of the difference between the calculated concentrations from the numerical model and the experimental data as well as the uncertainties in the experimental data. With the best-fit rate constants of the reaction model, the species evolution profiles of 13M HAN were reasonably recovered. The reaction model was applied to the simulation of the species evolutions for solid HAN and HAN-water solutions including 10.7 and 9M. The simulated gas-phase concentrations coincided well with the experimental data, indicating that the proposed global reaction mechanism captured most of the key reactions of HAN.
机译：由于低环境影响和高密度，基于HAN的液体推进剂已经被用作液体枪和火箭推进剂多年。但是，要实现这些优点，必须解决几个关键的操作问题，包括燃烧不稳定性，材料不兼容以及在低压下可靠点火。因此，正在进行广泛的研究以表征推进剂的着火和燃烧行为。这项研究的目的是确定基于HAN的液体推进剂XM46的气相分解产物以及由快速冷凝相反应形成的成分，并确定还原反应的反应速率通过应用基于逆的拟合技术建立HAN模型；为了确定硝酸铵羟基铵（HAN），硝酸三乙醇铵（TEAN）以及XM46（由HAN，TEAN和水组成的推进剂）在大气压下在氮气环境下的热分解，通过FTIR光谱进行了测量。检出的HAN的主要分解物为H2O，N2O，NO，NO2和HNO3。固态TEAN产生具有IR活性的分解物质H2O，NO，CO2，CO，N2O和NO2。在XM46分解中，发现了HAN和TEAN的顺序分解。蒸发H2O之后进行HAN控制的分解，生成N2O，NO和HNO3。在后期阶段，TEAN反应成为形成CO2和其他NO的主导。进行了数值分析，以推导HAN的简化反应模型的Arrhenius型反应速率。反应速率通过基于逆的分析以最小化目标函数的方式获得，该目标函数由数值模型和实验数据计算出的浓度之间的差异以及实验数据中的不确定性组成。利用反应模型的最佳拟合速率常数，可以合理地获得13M HAN的物种进化图。该反应模型用于模拟固体HAN和HAN水溶液（包括10.7和9M）的物​​种演化。模拟的气相浓度与实验数据吻合良好，表明所提出的整体反应机理捕获了HAN的大多数关键反应。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lee, Hyungsik.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Mechanical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 146 p.
  • 总页数 146
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 机械、仪表工业;
  • 关键词

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