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Thermal decomposition of high-nitrogen energetic compounds: TAGzT and GUzT.

机译：高氮高能化合物：TAGzT和GUzT的热分解。

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The U.S. Navy is exploring high-nitrogen compounds as burning-rate additives to meet the growing demands of future high-performance gun systems. Two high-nitrogen compounds investigated as potential burning-rate additives are bis(triaminoguanidinium) 5,5-azobitetrazolate (TAGzT) and bis(guanidinium) 5,5'-azobitetrazolate (GUzT). Small-scale tests showed that formulations containing TAGzT exhibit significant increases in the burning rates of RDX-based gun propellants. However, when GUzT, a similarly structured molecule was incorporated into the formulation, there was essentially no effect on the burning rate of the propellant. Through the use of simultaneous thermogravimetric modulated beam mass spectrometry (STMBMS) and Fourier-Transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry methods, an investigation of the underlying chemical and physical processes that control the thermal decomposition behavior of TAGzT and GUzT alone and in the presence of RDX, was conducted. The objective was to determine why GUzT is not as good a burning-rate enhancer in RDX-based gun propellants as compared to TAGzT. The results show that TAGzT is an effective burning-rate modifier in the presence of RDX because the decomposition of TAGzT alters the initial stages of the decomposition of RDX. Hydrazine, formed in the decomposition of TAGzT, reacts faster with RDX than RDX can decompose itself. The reactions occur at temperatures below the melting point of RDX and thus the TAGzT decomposition products react with RDX in the gas phase. Although there is no hydrazine formed in the decomposition of GUzT, amines formed in the decomposition of GUzT react with aldehydes, formed in the decomposition of RDX, resulting in an increased reaction rate of RDX in the presence of GUzT. However, GUzT is not an effective burning-rate modifier because its decomposition does not alter the initial gas-phase decomposition of RDX. The decomposition of GUzT occurs at temperatures above the melting point of RDX. Therefore, the decomposition of GUzT affects reactions that are dominant in the liquid phase of RDX. Although GUzT is not an effective burning-rate modifier, features of its decomposition where the reaction between amines formed in the decomposition of GUzT react with the aldehydes, formed in the decomposition of RDX, may have implications from an insensitive-munitions perspective.
机译：美国海军正在探索将高氮化合物用作燃烧速率添加剂，以满足未来高性能喷枪系统不断增长的需求。作为潜在燃烧速率添加剂而研究的两种高氮化合物是双（三氨基胍）5,5-偶氮双四唑酸酯（TAGzT）和双（胍）5,5'-偶氮双四唑酸酯（GUzT）。小型测试表明，含有TAGzT的配方在基于RDX的枪支推进剂的燃烧速率上显示出显着提高。但是，当将类似结构的分子GUzT掺入制剂中时，对推进剂的燃烧速率基本没有影响。通过同时使用热重调制束质谱（STMBMS）和傅立叶变换离子回旋共振（FTICR）质谱方法，对控制TAGzT和GUzT单独以及在TAGzT和GUzT的热分解行为的基础化学和物理过程进行了研究。存在RDX。目的是确定为什么GUzT在基于RDX的火炮推进剂中与TAGzT相比没有那么好的燃烧速率增强剂。结果表明，在RDX存在下，TAGzT是一种有效的燃烧速率调节剂，因为TAGzT的分解改变了RDX分解的初始阶段。在TAGzT分解过程中形成的肼与RDX的反应比RDX自身分解的快。反应在低于RDX熔点的温度下发生，因此TAGzT分解产物在气相中与RDX反应。尽管在GUzT的分解中没有形成肼，但是在GUzT的分解中形成的胺与在RDX的分解中形成的醛反应，导致在GUzT存在下RDX的反应速率增加。但是，GUzT不是有效的燃烧速率调节剂，因为它的分解不会改变RDX的初始气相分解。 GUzT的分解发生在高于RDX熔点的温度下。因此，GUzT的分解会影响RDX液相中占主导地位的反应。尽管GUzT不是有效的燃烧速率改性剂，但从不敏感弹药的角度来看，GUzT分解中形成的胺之间的反应与RDX分解中形成的醛之间的反应可能会影响其分解特征。

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