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首页> 外文学位 >Acute respiratory effects and endotoxin exposure during wheat harvest in northeastern Colorado.
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Acute respiratory effects and endotoxin exposure during wheat harvest in northeastern Colorado.

机译：科罗拉多州东北部小麦收获期间的急性呼吸作用和内毒素暴露。

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摘要

Acute cross-shift respiratory changes were evaluated at 26 farms in Northeastern Colorado during the summer of 1994 wheat harvest. Trained field staff administered a questionnaire to harvest workers to gather information on respiratory health, past occupational exposures, and smoking status. Each worker was also asked to rank 10 acute symptoms on a scale of 1 to 5 before they began harvest work for the day. Spirometry was performed immediately after the questionnaire was completed using NIOSH's HF5 spirometric system. Each participant wore a high flow personal air sampling pump with a 35-mm, closed-face cassette and fiber glass filter. Participants were observed throughout the workshift to determine tasks performed and personal protective equipment worn. At the end of the workshift, spirometry and ranking of the 10 acute symptoms were conducted again. Total dust exposure was determined gravimetrically. Total endotoxin was measured by the Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay.;The 98 harvest workers included in the study ranged in age from 18 to 80 years. The gender distribution included 90 males and 8 females. Ten percent of the workers had airway obstruction, as indicated by the pre-shift spirometry test results. Fifty percent of the workers were smokers or ex-smokers. Tasks included combine operators, auger operators, grain truck drivers, grain cart drivers, and supervisors. Total dust exposures ranged from 0.09 to 15.33 mg/m 3 (geometric mean 0.83 mg/m3), with 8 percent of workers exposed above the threshold limit value of 4 mg/m3. Total endotoxin exposures ranged from 4.4 to 744.4 EU/m3 (geometric mean 54.2 EU/m3), with 33 percent of workers exposed above levels associated with symptoms and lung function effects. At these exposure levels, 60 percent of workers experienced a cross-shift change in at least one respiratory symptom. The respiratory index (sum of cross-shift change in eight acute respiratory symptoms) was significantly correlated with both total dust and endotoxin exposure. Peak expiratory flow rate was found to decrease over the workshift in a manner similar to that experienced by cotton workers. Cross-shift changes in the spirometric variables were associated with smoking status, age, presence of airway obstruction, and history of chronic respiratory symptoms, but not with dust or endotoxin exposure. This study is the only known study that has examined cross-shift symptom and lung function change and dust and endotoxin exposure during harvest activities, which may be applicable to workers in other agricultural settings.
机译：1994年夏季，在科罗拉多州东北部的26个农场中，对急性横移呼吸变化进行了评估。受过训练的现场工作人员管理了一个调查表，以收集工人以收集有关呼吸系统健康，过去的职业暴露和吸烟状况的信息。在开始一天的工作之前，还要求每位工人以1-5分的等级对10种急性症状进行分级。使用NIOSH的HF5肺活量测定系统完成问卷后立即进行肺活量测定。每个参与者都佩戴了带35毫米封闭式暗盒和玻璃纤维过滤器的高流量个人空气采样泵。在整个轮班期间对参与者进行观察，以确定所执行的任务和个人防护装备的磨损。轮班结束时，再次进行肺功能测定和10种急性症状的分级。尘埃总量通过重量法测定。总内毒素通过the变形细胞裂解液（LAL）测定。该研究中包括的98名采收工人年龄在18至80岁之间。性别分布包括90名男性和8名女性。轮班前肺功能测试结果表明，百分之十的工人患有气道阻塞。百分之五十的工人是吸烟者或前吸烟者。任务包括联合收割机操作员，螺旋钻操作员，谷物卡车司机，谷物推车司机和主管。总的粉尘暴露范围为0.09至15.33 mg / m 3（几何平均值0.83 mg / m3），其中有8％的工人暴露在4 mg / m3的阈值限值以上。内毒素暴露总量为4.4至744.4 EU / m3（几何平均值为54.2 EU / m3），其中33％的工人暴露于与症状和肺功能影响相关的水平以上。在这些暴露水平下，至少有60％的工人经历了至少一种呼吸系统症状的交叉变化。呼吸指数（八种急性呼吸道症状的交叉变化总和）与总粉尘和内毒素暴露均显着相关。发现在换班期间呼气峰值流速降低，其方式类似于棉花工人。肺活量测定变量的交叉变化与吸烟状况，年龄，气道阻塞的存在以及慢性呼吸道症状的病史相关，但与粉尘或内毒素暴露无关。这项研究是唯一已知的在收获活动期间检查交叉转变症状和肺功能变化以及粉尘和内毒素暴露的研究，该研究可能适用于其他农业环境中的工人。

著录项

  • 作者

    Viet, Susan Marie.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Occupational safety.;Toxicology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2000
  • 页码 259 p.
  • 总页数 259
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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