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首页> 外文学位 >Biogeographical Patterns Associated with Genome-wide Genetic Differentiation in a Widespread Species of South American Blepharoneura Fruit Flies (Tephritidae)
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Biogeographical Patterns Associated with Genome-wide Genetic Differentiation in a Widespread Species of South American Blepharoneura Fruit Flies (Tephritidae)

机译：生物地理模式与全基因组南美洲Blepharoneura果蝇（Tephritidae）的全基因组遗传分化有关。

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摘要

Studying how new insect species originate can help us better understand the evolutionary processes that lead to the rich insect biodiversity found in the tropics. New insect species arise via the evolution of reproductive isolation, a result of the accumulation of reproductive isolating barriers. Reproductive isolating barriers can arise in the context of geographical isolation and/or can be influenced by differences in ecology. Complex evolutionary mechanisms may underlie the origins of the more than 40 species of neotropical fruit flies in the genus Blepharoneura (Diptera: Tephritidae). The immature stages of these flies are specialist feeders on plants in the Cucurbitaceae (cucurbit) family in Central and South America. Previous research focusing on six geographically widespread Blepharoneura species used 18 microsatellite loci to identify patterns of geographical and ecological divergence. While conclusions from microsatellite data are valid, these markers provide only a limited signal of genetic structure. Fine-scale, genome-wide data can reveal patterns of genetic differentiation that may help us discover and date historical and recent lineage divergence. Here I use double-digest restriction-associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to explore the hypothesis that geographic and ecologic barriers are restricting gene flow in one species of Blepharoneura, B. sp10. First, I use two methods to detect population structure within B. sp10 individuals. I find evidence for three distinct genetic groups characterized by geography and one genetic group defined by a difference in host plant use. Then I investigate these relationships using Mantel tests and pairwise spatial-genetic plots, which reveal distinct biogeographical genetic patterns. Finally, I infer the evolutionary history of B. sp10 using approximate Bayesian computation and find that the timing of divergence between flies collected from the Amazon Basin and those collected from the Guiana Shield coincides with the late Pleistocene, between 24,412 and 83,000 years ago. Connecting these results to historical climate data from the Late Pleistocene may help explain evolutionary processes that contributed to the patterns of genetic diversity that we see in Blepharoneura. This research provides a framework for investigating the biogeographic and evolutionary history of the more than 50 species in the Blephaorneura genus, a step towards understanding the complexity of insect diversity in the tropics.
机译：研究新昆虫物种的起源可以帮助我们更好地理解导致热带地区丰富的昆虫生物多样性的进化过程。生殖隔离屏障的积累是生殖隔离进化的新昆虫种类。生殖隔离壁垒可能在地理隔离的背景下出现和/或受到生态差异的影响。复杂的进化机制可能是Blepharoneura属（Diptera：Tephritidae）的40多种新热带果蝇的起源的基础。这些蝇的未成熟阶段是中美洲和南美洲葫芦科（葫芦科）植物的专业饲养者。以前的研究集中在六个地理分布很广的Blepharoneura物种，使用18个微卫星基因座来确定地理和生态差异的模式。虽然从微卫星数据得出的结论是有效的，但这些标记仅提供了有限的遗传结构信号。精细的，全基因组的数据可以揭示遗传分化的模式，这可以帮助我们发现和确定历史和最近的谱系差异。在这里，我使用双消化酶切限制性相关DNA（ddRAD）测序来探索以下假设：地理和生态障碍正在限制一种Blepharoneura B. sp10物种的基因流动。首先，我使用两种方法来检测B.sp10个体内的种群结构。我发现了三个地理特征不同的基因组和一个宿主植物用途不同的基因组的证据。然后，我使用Mantel检验和成对的空间遗传图研究了这些关系，揭示了不同的生物地理遗传模式。最后，我使用近似贝叶斯计算来推断B. sp10的进化历史，发现从亚马逊盆地收集的苍蝇与从圭亚那盾构收集的苍蝇之间的发散时间与晚更新世相吻合，时间介于24412到83000年前。将这些结果与晚更新世的历史气候数据联系起来，可能有助于解释进化过程，这些进化过程有助于我们在Blepharoneura中看到的遗传多样性模式。这项研究提供了一个框架，用于调查Blephaorneura属中50多个物种的生物地理和进化史，这是朝着理解热带地区昆虫多样性的复杂性迈出的一步。

著录项

  • 作者

    Widmayer, Heather.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Iowa.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Iowa.;
  • 学科 Evolution development.;Bioinformatics.;Genetics.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 76 p.
  • 总页数 76
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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