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The machineries of inequality: An investigation of the relationship between the expansion of education in the United States and social inequality.

机译：不平等的机制：对美国教育规模的扩大与社会不平等之间关系的调查。

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摘要

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the vertical expansion of education (in the dimension of length and level) has become an inequality increasing force in society. The experience of the past 50 years suggests that the progressive expansion of education has not appreciably reduced inequality rooted in the economic and social spheres. A substantial literature now documents that various manifestations of inequality have persisted through time and, as this study shows, there is strong evidence that inequality has increased on several dimensions.;The first half of the paper explores the theoretical reasons behind the drive to expand the educational system. In this context, the paper analyzes the writings of Thomas Jefferson, Horace Mann, and John Dewey. The aim is to determine how each man's theory of equal educational opportunity corresponds to a particular vision of social processes, and whether a shift toward the general acceptance of a particular vision of equal opportunity may be conducive to expanding the educational system and to generating new inequalities.;Also, in analyzing the Human Capital, Job Competition, and Segmented Labor Market theories, this review points out how policy initiatives---specifically those that lead to the progressive expansion of education---may be judged as either beneficial or harmful depending upon the theoretical model that prevails at any given time.;The second half explores the empirical relationship between the expansion of education and inequality. The paper illustrates the conflict between individual and collective rationality, asserting that the acquisition of more schooling may go beyond the point at which there is a positive social return.;Through an analysis of the central features of the nation's changing industrial and occupational structure, the paper finds that both a structured change within the economy and the vertical extension of education have significantly weakened the position of the less-educated workers relative to those with advanced degrees. The evidence shows that the expansion of education does not necessarily benefit the intended beneficiaries and may in fact reduce their social and economic opportunities. The presentation here asserts that the progressive expansion of education permits the process of inequality to advance.
机译：这项研究的目的是确定教育的纵向扩展（在长度和水平方面）是否已成为社会中不平等加剧的力量。过去50年的经验表明，教育的逐步扩大并没有明显减少根源于经济和社会领域的不平等。现在有大量文献记录了不平等现象的各种表现形式一直存在，并且正如本研究表明的那样，有力的证据表明不平等现象在多个维度上都在加剧。教育制度，教育体系。在这种情况下，本文分析了托马斯·杰斐逊，霍勒斯·曼和约翰·杜威的著作。目的是确定每个人的平等受教育机会理论如何对应于社会过程的特定愿景，以及朝着普遍接受特定机会均等愿景的转变是否可能有利于扩大教育体系并产生新的不平等现象。 。;此外，在分析人力资本，工作竞争和劳动力市场分割理论时，这篇评论指出了如何将政策举措-特别是那些导致教育逐步扩展的政策举措-判断为有利还是有害。第二部分探讨了教育扩张和不平等之间的经验关系。本文阐述了个人理性与集体理性之间的冲突，认为获得更多的教育可能超出了获得积极的社会回报的程度。通过对国家不断变化的工业和职业结构的主要特征的分析，该论文发现，经济内部的结构性变化和教育的纵向扩展都大大削弱了受教育程度较低的工人相对于具有较高学历的工人的地位。有证据表明，扩大教育并不一定会使预期的受益人受益，实际上可能会减少他们的社会和经济机会。这里的陈述断言，教育的逐步扩展使不平等进程得以推进。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rodriguez, Jacob Paul.;

  • 作者单位

    The Claremont Graduate University.;

  • 授予单位 The Claremont Graduate University.;
  • 学科 Education Higher.;Education History of.;Education Sociology of.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 215 p.
  • 总页数 215
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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