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首页> 外文学位 >Benjamin, Derrida, and the politics of memory: The promise of history reconsidered (Walter Benjamin, Jacques Derrida).
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Benjamin, Derrida, and the politics of memory: The promise of history reconsidered (Walter Benjamin, Jacques Derrida).

机译：本杰明，德里达和记忆政治：重新考虑历史的希望（沃尔特·本杰明，雅克·德里达）。

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摘要

The contemporary political landscape in Western democracies is witness to a variety of debates about a memory of the victims of past historical and political violence, from Germany's historian's debate and the recent French comparisons, of the victims of fascism and Stalinism to US American debates about Affirmative Action. This dissertation concerns itself with the question of how a memory of injustice relates to the promise of justice that Western (and other) democracies have inherited from the Enlightenment. I use the Marxist promise for a classless society as my primary reference point since it contains a political promise whose institutionalization led to a totalitarian outcome in the twentieth century. The overall argument of this work is that, rather than relying on a Hegelian teleology of history, which justifies violence in the past by referring to the promised end which alone is just, a reconceived promise has to articulate itself with a memory of victimization that is also a memory of finitude and contingency. In order to effect this co-articulation, I draw on Walter Benjamin's re-interpretation of Marxism after the disappointment of the Russian revolution, and on Jacques Derrida's ‘messianic’ inheritance of Marx. Both Derrida and Benjamin reconceive the promise by emptying it of its determinate content in order to allow the promise an openness to memory and contingency. After a detailed examination of both authors' critiques of Marx's promise in the name of political and ethical responsibility, the dissertation considers a notion of political action that would be mindful of an open future, seen as indispensable to democracy, and that would respond to the claim of past injustice upon the present. Further, the role of law and of democratic political institutions is examined in light of a memorial promise of justice. The last part investigates consequences of such a memorial promise, and its temporality, for the political import of historiography. Thus, this work contributes to the philosophy of history and of time, viewed from a political angle. It further makes a special contribution to contemporary political philosophy by relating Marxist social goals to current debates about deconstructive ethics and politics.
机译：西方民主国家的当代政治格局见证了各种辩论，包括对过去历史和政治暴力受害者的记忆，从德国历史学家的辩论和最近的法国比较，到法西斯主义和斯大林主义的受害者到美利坚合众国的辩论。行动。本论文涉及一个问题，即不公正的记忆与西方（及其他）民主国家从启蒙运动继承的正义承诺之间有何关系。我将对无阶级社会的马克思主义诺言作为我的主要参考点，因为它包含了政治诺言，其制度化导致了二十世纪的极权主义结果。这项工作的总体论点是，与其依靠黑格尔的历史目的论来证明过去的暴力是合理的，而仅通过提及承诺的结果来证明过去的暴力是正义的，正义的承诺必须以一种受害的记忆表达自己，即也是对有限性和偶然性的记忆。为了实现这种共同表述，我借鉴了俄国革命失望后沃尔特·本杰明（Walter Benjamin）对马克思主义的重新解释，以及雅克·德里达（Jacques Derrida）对马克思的“弥赛亚”继承。德里达和本杰明都通过清空承诺的确定性内容来重新构想承诺，以使承诺对记忆和偶然性保持开放。在详细研究了两位作者以政治和道德责任的名义对马克思的诺言进行的批判之后，论文认为政治行动的概念应铭记开放的未来，这被认为是民主必不可少的，并且将对民主作出回应。对过去的不公正的要求。此外，根据对正义的纪念性承诺，对法律和民主政治机构的作用进行了审查。最后一部分研究了这种纪念性诺言及其历史性对史学的政治意义的后果。因此，从政治角度看，这项工作有助于历史和时间哲学。通过将马克思主义的社会目标与当前有关解构伦理和政治的辩论联系起来，它进一步为当代政治哲学做出了特殊贡献。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lutkehermolle, Matthias.;

  • 作者单位

    Villanova University.;

  • 授予单位 Villanova University.;
  • 学科 Philosophy.; Political Science General.; History General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 406 p.
  • 总页数 406
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 哲学理论;政治理论;世界史;
  • 关键词

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