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首页> 外文学位 >The social ecology of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan violent crime: A spatial diffusion model.
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The social ecology of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan violent crime: A spatial diffusion model.

机译：大都市和非大都市暴力犯罪的社会生态：空间扩散模型。

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摘要

The ecological study of crime has been a topic of interest in criminology for quite some time and has been investigated for a wide range of city sizes, types, neighborhood settings, and points in time. Virtually all attempts to develop ecological models of crime have nevertheless overlooked spatial dependence, spread and heterogeneity in their conceptualizations. The present study is an attempt to address this omission through the application of Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and spatial analysis procedures to the study of metropolitan and nonmetropolitan violent crime patterns in the United States at the county level for 1977–1996.;The principal objectives of this dissertation are threefold. The first goal is to apply the exploratory and analytical capabilities of GIS to a relatively unexplored area of criminological research-the diffusion of violent crime. A second objective is to investigate the extent to which violent crime is spreading from metropolitan to nonmetropolitan locations and the degree to which violent crime rates in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan locations are converging over time. A third objective is to develop a diffusion model of violent crime and to examine various types of diffusion processes—including expansion diffusion, relocation diffusion, and hierarchical diffusion—and the specific demographic and spatial mechanisms through which these diffusion processes operate with regard to the spread of violent crime. In particular, these hypothesized mechanisms include spatial proximity, regional location, size of place, population growth, population mobility, population composition (age- and sex-structure), and population diversity.
机译：犯罪的生态学研究一直是犯罪学关注的话题，并且已针对各种城市规模，类型，邻里环境和时间点进行了调查。实际上，所有开发犯罪生态模型的尝试在概念上都忽略了空间依赖性，传播和异质性。本研究试图通过应用地理信息系统（GIS）技术和空间分析程序来解决美国在1977-1996年间在县级进行的大都市和非大都市暴力犯罪模式的研究，以解决这一遗漏。本文的主要目标是三个方面。第一个目标是将GIS的探索和分析功能应用到犯罪学一个相对未开发的领域-暴力犯罪的传播。第二个目标是调查暴力犯罪从大城市传播到非大都市地区的程度以及大城市和非大都市地区的暴力犯罪率随着时间的推移趋同的程度。第三个目标是建立暴力犯罪的扩散模型，并研究各种类型的扩散过程，包括扩展扩散，重新安置扩散和等级扩散，以及这些扩散过程通过其传播而运行的特定人口统计和空间机制暴力犯罪。特别是，这些假设的机制包括空间邻近性，区域位置，地点大小，人口增长，人口流动性，人口组成（年龄和性别结构）和人口多样性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Cameron, James Gilbert.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Geography.;Sociology Criminology and Penology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 227 p.
  • 总页数 227
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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