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首页> 外文学位 >Indicateurs agronomiques et environnementaux du phosphore dans la culture de la pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum L.) au Quebec.
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Indicateurs agronomiques et environnementaux du phosphore dans la culture de la pomme de terre (Solanum tuberosum L.) au Quebec.

机译：魁北克种植马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）的磷的农艺和环境指标。

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摘要

The phosphorus fertilization is essential for obtaining high potato yield but is also a source of non-point pollution. We propose an improved P recommendation model for Quebec, using results of soil tests and fertilizer trials conducted on coarse-textured soils.; The P recommendation model comprised an environmental risk assessment and P response curves calibrated on the 100˙PMehlich-3Al Mehlich-3 ratio. The environmental model showed an upper critical value of 15%. The lower agronomic critical value was 8.6. Below 15% as 100(P/Al)M-III , a liberal recommendation model covering 80% of the cases would still be environmentally safe, but soil test P will build up more rapidly compared to a more conservative model covering 50% of the cases. Thus, the potato crop was at risk when the P saturation exceeded 15%.; The systemic approach to fertilizer trials in view of improving P fertilization requires a methodology to verify the assumption that one nutrient is being varied while other nutrients are in sufficient, non excessive, amounts. We derived DRIS and CND leaf nutrient norms from a survey of 663 observations on Quebec farms. The norms were validated for nutrient imbalance and P using 113 fertilizer trials conducted during three years. The datasets comprised tuber yield and N, P, K, Ca and Mg composition of the first mature leaf at the beginning of blooming. Variance functions were used to separate high-yield from low-yield subpopulations. The cutting yield level was 35 Mg ha --1. We applied the following diagnostic approaches to our validation dataset: the Critical Value Approach (CVA), DRIS (Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System) and CND (Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis). In the validation dataset (P fertilizer trials), N and Ca were not deficient. CVA diagnosed Mg, while DRIS and CND detected Mg deficiency and K excess. The K and Mg indexes were negatively correlated at each experimental site. Critical nutrient imbalance indexes were 44.1 for DRIS and 6.7 for CND. Radiating results from the Mg-deficient site that was not conformed to the nutrient sufficiency assumption. Critical P indexes were --16 for DRIS and --1.9 for CND, were symmetrical and significantly correlated with nutrient imbalance indexes as would be expected from single nutrient experiments.; Our results could be used for extension and the theory verified with other nutrients and crops under various pedoclimatic conditions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：磷肥对于获得高马铃薯产量至关重要，但也是面源污染的来源。我们使用在粗质地土壤上进行的土壤测试和肥料试验的结果，为魁北克省提出了一种改进的磷推荐模型。 P推荐模型包括环境风险评估和以100点PMehlich-3Al Mehlich-3比率校准的P响应曲线。环境模型的最高临界值为15％。较低的农艺学临界值为8.6。在100％（P / Al）M-III以下低于15％的情况下，涵盖80％情况的自由推荐模型仍是环境安全的，但与涵盖50％的M-III的更为保守的模型相比，土壤测试P的建立速度更快案件。因此，当磷饱和度超过15％时，马铃薯作物就处于危险之中。鉴于提高磷肥水平，用于肥料试验的系统方法需要一种方法来验证以下假设：一种营养素正在变化，而其他营养素却足够，不过量。我们从对魁北克农场的663项观测值的调查中得出了DRIS和CND叶片营养素标准。三年中进行的113次肥料试验验证了养分失衡和磷含量的标准。数据集包括块茎产量和开始开花时第一片成熟叶片的N，P，K，Ca和Mg组成。使用方差函数将高收益和低收益亚人群区分开。切割产量为35 Mg ha -1。我们对验证数据集应用了以下诊断方法：临界值方法（CVA），DRIS（诊断和推荐综合系统）和CND（组成营养诊断）。在验证数据集（P肥试验）中，N和Ca不是不足的。 CVA诊断出镁，而DRIS和CND检测出镁缺乏和钾过多。在每个实验部位，钾和镁指数呈负相关。临界营养失衡指数对于DRIS为44.1，对于CND为6.7。镁缺乏部位的辐射结果与养分充足的假设不符。临界P指数对于DRIS为-16，对于CND为-1.9，与单个营养素实验所预期的是对称的，并且与营养素失衡指数显着相关。我们的研究结果可以用于扩展，并且可以在各种气候条件下与其他营养物质和农作物一起验证该理论。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Khiari, Lotfi.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite Laval (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite Laval (Canada).;
  • 学科 Agriculture Agronomy.; Agriculture Soil Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 111 p.
  • 总页数 111
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 农学（农艺学）;土壤学;
  • 关键词

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