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Functionally selective stimulation of peripheral nerves: Electrodes that alter nerve geometry.

机译：功能性刺激周围神经：改变神经几何形状的电极。

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摘要

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a means to restore lost function to neurologically impaired patients. One essential component of a FES system is the electrical charge delivery device or electrode. A peripheral nerve electrode delivers the electrical stimulation directly to the peripheral nerve. In this work, a novel class of peripheral nerve electrode, the reshaping nerve electrode, is introduced. The reshaping electrode applied a small, non-circumferential force to the nerve and exploits the natural plasticity of the body's tissues. The small force reshapes a peripheral nerve for intimate access to its entire axon population. Two reshaping electrode designs are presented. The stimulation selectivity and chronic safety of the reshaping nerve electrodes are presented.;The first electrode design is the slowly penetrating interfascicular nerve electrode (SPINE). The SPINE places small forces on elements perpendicular to the nerve to urge elements into the nerve, but between the fascicles. Acute experiments on the cat sciatic nerve show that the SPINE reshapes the nerve and rearranges the fascicles to place elements within the nerve, thus providing access to the central and surface axon populations. Stimulation results show that interfascicular stimulation selectively produces several different functions of sciatic nerve.;The second electrode design is the flat interface nerve electrode (FINE). The FINE is designed to slowly elongate the nerve and fascicles into flattened ovals. Acute experiments on the cat sciatic nerve show that the FINE reshapes the nerve and the fascicles. By aligning and flattening the fascicles, the FINE is able to selectively generate the functions of the sciatic nerve. The chronic safety of three FINEs that apply different forces to the rat sciatic nerve is examined. It is shown that a small force FINE, which applies the same or less force to the nerve than presently accepted nerve electrodes, can reshape the nerve and fascicles. This small force FINE does not cause changes in the physiology, histology, or blood-nerve barrier permeability of the rat sciatic nerve as compared to sham trials.
机译：功能性电刺激（FES）是一种恢复神经功能受损患者丧失功能的方法。 FES系统的一个基本组成部分是电荷输送装置或电极。周围神经电极直接将电刺激传递到周围神经。在这项工作中，介绍了一种新型的周围神经电极，即整形神经电极。整形电极对神经施加小的非圆周力，并利用了人体组织的天然可塑性。较小的力使周围神经重塑，以紧密接触整个轴突。提出了两种重塑电极设计。介绍了重塑神经电极的刺激选择性和长期安全性。第一个电极设计是缓慢穿透的束间神经电极（SPINE）。 SPINE在垂直于神经的元素上施加较小的力，以将元素推入神经中，但位于束之间。在猫坐骨神经上进行的急性实验表明，SPINE可重塑神经并重新排列束以在神经内放置元素，从而提供对中央和表面轴突种群的访问。刺激结果表明，束间刺激选择性产生坐骨神经的几种不同功能。第二种电极设计是扁平界面神经电极（FINE）。 FINE旨在将神经和束束缓慢拉长为扁平的椭圆形。对猫坐骨神经的急性实验表明，FINE重塑了神经和束状神经。通过对齐和扁平化束，FINE能够选择性地产生坐骨神经的功能。研究了三种向大鼠坐骨神经施加不同力的FINE的长期安全性。结果表明，与当前接受的神经电极相比，对神经施加相同或较小作用力的较小力FINE可以使神经和束束重塑。与假试验相比，这种小的力FINE不会引起大鼠坐骨神经的生理学，组织学或血液神经屏障通透性的变化。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tyler, Dustin James.;

  • 作者单位

    Case Western Reserve University.;

  • 授予单位 Case Western Reserve University.;
  • 学科 Biomedical engineering.;Neurosciences.;Physical therapy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 265 p.
  • 总页数 265
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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