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首页> 外文学位 >Fabrication of electrospun TiO2/polymer composite nanofibers for photocatalysis and degradation of toxins.
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Fabrication of electrospun TiO2/polymer composite nanofibers for photocatalysis and degradation of toxins.

机译：静电纺丝TiO2 /聚合物复合纳米纤维的制备，用于光催化和降解毒素。

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摘要

Our society has made significant advancements in technology as it continues to grow in size which in turn, has led to an accumulating amount of toxic threats. Some types of harmful pollution our society is currently facing include industrial waste, pharmaceutical pollution and chemical warfare agents (CWAs). To date the nerve agent, O-ethyl S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl] methylphosphonothioate), also known as VX, is the world's most lethal chemical weapon. Some of these deadly nerve agents have been employed in various conflict and terrorist attacks. Currently available CWA degradation techniques include incineration and water hydrolysis followed by biotreatment with enzymes. Drawbacks to these techniques include the selectivity, degradation over extended treatment time, and lack of robustness. A more effective approach may be achieved by heterogeneous catalysis employing nanostructured composite materials. Solid catalysts including titania have demonstrated a means to effectively destroy CWAs.;TiO2 is regarded as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of organic toxins due to its strong oxidative power, high stability, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Our group has previously explored TiO2 nanofibers as an alternative materials approach to conventional nanoparticle composites for use in photocatalytic degradation, showing a four-fold enhancement in degradation against dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). The precursors to TiO2 nanofibers, electrospun nanofibers of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and titanium triisopropoxide (TTiP), were found to also possess catalytic properties when introduced to methyl paraoxon, a simulated chemical warfare agent (SCWA). In addition to the photocatalytic advantages of these fibers, increased flexibility and durability were observed compared to electrospun TiO2 nanofibers. The resulting fibers would also be better compatible with low temperature processing of multifunctional materials including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and sensors. Preliminary results of polymer composite fibers containing MOF have shown fastest degradation rates to date of methyl paraoxon with approximately 1/6th the weight percent of MOF.;In this work, it is shown there are many factors involved in optimizing the photocatalytic performance of TiO2/ polymer composite nanofibers. The combination of novel nanotechnology with advancements in photocatalysis can provide new benefits and improvements with filtration, and self-decontaminating textiles and paints. The diversity of applications these materials can be incorporated in has the potential to be life changing for civilians and warfighters who are in constant threat of toxic agents.
机译：随着社会规模的不断扩大，我们的社会在技术上取得了重大进步，这反过来又导致了越来越多的有毒威胁。我们社会当前面临的一些有害污染类型包括工业废物，药物污染和化学战剂（CWA）。迄今为止，神经毒剂，也称为VX的O-乙基S- [2-（二异丙基氨基）乙基]甲基硫代磷酸酯）是世界上最致命的化学武器。这些致命的神经毒剂中的一些已经被用于各种冲突和恐怖袭击中。当前可用的CWA降解技术包括焚化和水水解，然后用酶进行生物处理。这些技术的缺点包括选择性，随着处理时间的延长而降解以及缺乏耐用性。通过采用纳米结构复合材料的多相催化可以实现更有效的方法。包括二氧化钛在内的固体催化剂已显示出有效破坏CWA的方法。TiO2由于其强大的氧化能力，高稳定性，低成本和环境友好性，被认为是降解有机毒素的有效光催化剂。我们的小组以前已经探索了TiO2纳米纤维，作为用于光催化降解的常规纳米颗粒复合材料的替代材料方法，显示出对甲基膦酸二甲酯（DMMP）的降解提高了四倍。发现将TiO2纳米纤维的前体，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）和三异丙氧基钛（TTiP）的电纺纳米纤维引入模拟对战试剂（SCWA）时，也具有催化性能。除了这些纤维的光催化优势外，与电纺TiO2纳米纤维相比，还观察到了更高的柔韧性和耐用性。所得的纤维还将更好地与包括金属有机框架（MOF）和传感器在内的多功能材料的低温加工兼容。含MOF的聚合物复合纤维的初步结果表明，迄今为止，对氧甲基丙烯酸甲酯的降解速度最快，约为MOF重量百分比的1/6 .;在这项工作中，表明优化TiO2 /的光催化性能涉及许多因素。聚合物复合纳米纤维。新型纳米技术与光催化技术的进步相结合，可提供新的优势和改进，包括过滤，自清洁纺织品和油漆。这些材料可用于多种用途，对于不断受到有毒物质威胁的平民和战士而言，这可能会改变他们的生活。

著录项

  • 作者

    McCarthy, Danielle L.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Binghamton.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Binghamton.;
  • 学科 Polymer chemistry.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 188 p.
  • 总页数 188
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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