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首页> 外文学位 >The application of pressure driven membrane filtration as a means of arsenic removal for public drinking water supply systems.
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The application of pressure driven membrane filtration as a means of arsenic removal for public drinking water supply systems.

机译：压力驱动膜过滤作为公共饮用水供应系统中除砷的一种手段。

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摘要

The result of a comprehensive investigation evaluating the ability of polymeric pressure driven membranes to meet a lowered maximum contaminate level (MCL) for arsenic in drinking water of between 2 and 20 mug/l (current MCL = 50 mug/1). The investigation included all categories of pressure driven membranes typically used for drinking water treatment, including reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) membranes. It was concluded that, if the appropriate pretreatment (oxidation and/or coagulation) is employed or water quality conditions exist, it is technically feasible to meet the lowered MCL with not only RO but NF, UF or MF processes as well.; Short term experiments at the bench and pilot level demonstrated substantial (>50%) rejection of As(V) by negatively charged RO, NF and UF membranes from both synthetic and natural waters. Substantial rejection of As(III) was only obtained by RO membranes. Arsenic speciation, membrane charge and permeability, source water composition, the hydraulic operation of the membrane and the pH at which treatment occurs were found to be important in influencing the rate of arsenic rejection.; The influence of feed water pH and ionic composition on As(V) rejection by a charged membrane was investigated by a series of parametric calculations using a combined Donnan Equilibrium/Extended Nernst-Planck (DE/ENP) model. From these calculations it was determined that arsenate rejection can be influenced by arsenate speciation and by the presence of co-occurring co- and counter-ions in the feed stream. It was determined that in order to maximize As(V) rejection, treatment should occur at pH > 7.5. At this pH the rejection of As(V) is improved due to its divalent speciation, and is less susceptible to the influence of co-occurring, co- and counter-ions.; Iron(III) coagulation of arsenate followed by microfiltration was demonstrated to be an effective method of treating a drinking source water. A pilot plant processing 2--3 GPM at >90% recovery obtained arsenic removal ranging between 39% and 89% with coagulant doses ranging from 2 to 10 mg/l FeCl 3. A Langmuir Model of adsorption was found to accurately describe arsenic removal from the source water under both bench and pilot conditions.
机译：一项综合研究的结果，评估了聚合物压力驱动膜满足饮用水中砷的降低的最大污染水平（MCL）的能力，介于2至20杯/升之间（当前MCL = 50杯/ 1杯）。调查包括通常用于饮用水处理的所有压力驱动膜类别，包括反渗透（RO），纳滤（NF），超滤（UF）和微滤（MF）膜。得出的结论是，如果采用适当的预处理（氧化和/或凝结）或存在水质条件，则不仅采用RO，而且采用NF，UF或MF工艺满足降低的MCL在技术上是可行的。在试验台和试验台上进行的短期实验表明，合成水和天然水中带负电的RO，NF和UF膜对As（V）的排斥率高达（50％）。仅通过RO膜获得了As（III）的大量排斥。砷的形态，膜的电荷和渗透性，水源组成，膜的水力操作和发生处理的pH值对影响砷的排泄率很重要。通过使用Donnan平衡/扩展能斯特-普朗克（DE / ENP）组合模型进行的一系列参数计算，研究了进水pH和离子组成对带电膜截留As（V）的影响。从这些计算中可以确定，砷的排斥可能受到砷形态的影响以及进料流中共存的共离子和抗衡离子的存在。已确定，为了使As（V）排斥最大化，应在pH> 7.5的条件下进行处理。在此pH下，As（V）的排斥因其二价形态而得到改善，并且不易受到共存离子，共离子和抗衡离子的影响。铁（III）砷酸盐的凝结，然后进行微滤，被证明是一种处理饮用水的有效方法。以高于90％的回收率处理2--3 GPM的中试工厂获得的砷去除率介于39％和89％之间，凝结剂的剂量范围为2至10 mg / l FeCl3。发现吸附的Langmuir模型可以准确地描述砷去除率在试验台和试验条件下都从水源中提取。

著录项

  • 作者

    Brandhuber, Philip James.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Colorado at Boulder.;

  • 授予单位 University of Colorado at Boulder.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.; Engineering Sanitary and Municipal.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 243 p.
  • 总页数 243
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 建筑科学;建筑科学;
  • 关键词

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