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Collection efficiencies of air-purifying respirators containing electrostatic filter media.

机译：包含静电过滤介质的空气净化呼吸器的收集效率。

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摘要

Electrostatic media are widely used in particulate air purifying cartridges and filtering facepiece respirators. Such media provides high collection efficiency while affording low breathing resistance to the wearer. The certification method used by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is considered to represent worse case respirator performance. Respirator certification does not consider either the mechanism of particle capture or the type of filter media used in a respirator. The correlation between respirator penetration with particles less than 1 μm for predicting worker exposure to air contaminants greater than 1 μm has not been validated.; This research was undertaken to: (1) evaluate the collection efficiency of particulate air purifying respirators containing electrostatic filter media and (2) determine if the NIOSH method used for respirator certification accurately predicts collection efficiency of these respirators loaded with contaminants representative of the workplace. Two of the three contaminants selected for this project, asphalt fumes and synthetic metal cutting fluid mist, possess chemical and/or physical properties in addition to a vapor stage that could mask or degrade the charge on the electrostatic fibers. The third workplace aerosol, aluminum oxide dust, was selected to be representative of a solid particulate mineral dust.; Filtering facepiece respirators are often used in environments where they become saturated with the wearer's perspiration. Perspiration contains ions that could interact with the charge on an electrostatic filter. Affect on collection efficiency was determined after a respirator saturated with artificial perspiration was dried with HEPA filtered air.; The findings of this work support the following conclusions: (1) the NIOSH method test for N95 respirators underestimates penetration of respirators loaded with laboratory and field generated workplace contaminants, (2) N95 respirators containing electrostatic filter media did not perform significantly different from an N95 mechanical filter media respirator, (3) penetration of some N95 respirators fully loaded with either asphalt contaminants or synthetic metal cutting fluid mist increased beyond the rating of the respirator, and (4) performance of filtering facepiece respirators saturated in artificial perspiration were not significantly affected after the respirators were dried.
机译：静电介质被广泛用于颗粒空气净化盒和过滤式面罩呼吸器。这样的介质提供高的收集效率，同时为佩戴者提供低呼吸阻力。美国国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）使用的认证方法被认为代表了较差的呼吸器性能。呼吸器认证不考虑颗粒捕获的机制或呼吸器中使用的过滤介质的类型。尚未验证呼吸器穿透力与小于1μm的颗粒之间的相关性，以预测工人暴露于大于1μm的空气污染物中。进行这项研究的目的是：（1）评估包含静电过滤介质的颗粒空气净化呼吸器的收集效率，以及（2）确定用于呼吸器认证的NIOSH方法是否能够准确预测这些装有代表工作场所污染物的呼吸器的收集效率。为该项目选择的三种污染物中的两种，沥青烟尘和合成金属切削液雾，除了具有可能掩盖或降解静电纤维上电荷的蒸气阶段外，还具有化学和/或物理性质。选择第三种工作场所的气溶胶氧化铝粉尘来代表固体颗粒矿物粉尘。过滤式面罩呼吸器通常在佩戴者的汗水饱和的环境中使用。汗液中含有可能与静电过滤器上的电荷相互作用的离子。用HEPA过滤空气干燥饱和了人工汗水的呼吸器后，确定对收集效率的影响。这项工作的发现支持以下结论：（1）N95呼吸器的NIOSH方法测试低估了装有实验室和现场产生的工作场所污染物的呼吸器的渗透率，（2）包含静电过滤介质的N95呼吸器与N95的性能没有显着差异机械过滤介质防毒面具，（3）某些满载沥青污染物或合成金属切削液雾的N95防毒面具的渗透率超过了防毒面具的额定值，并且（4）人工出汗饱和的过滤式面罩防毒面具的性能未受到明显影响呼吸器干燥后。

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  • 作者

    Larson, Diana Louise.;

  • 作者单位

    Colorado State University.;

  • 授予单位 Colorado State University.;
  • 学科 Health Sciences Occupational Health and Safety.; Health Sciences Public Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 286 p.
  • 总页数 286
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 职业性疾病预防;预防医学、卫生学;
  • 关键词

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