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首页> 外文学位 >Comparative population genetics of Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) and its tick vector (Ixodes scapularis) in the United States.
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Comparative population genetics of Lyme disease spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) and its tick vector (Ixodes scapularis) in the United States.

机译：在美国，莱姆病螺旋体（Borrelia burgdorferi）及其壁虱载体（Ixodes scapularis）的比较种群遗传学。

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摘要

In the present dissertation, the population structure of Borrelia burgdorferi, a spirochete that causes Lyme disease, was investigated across its major geographic range of distribution in North America. Local populations of Borrelia were first sampled from a small endemic area of Lyme disease, eastern Long Island, New York for three consecutive years from 1994 to 1996. Using the genetic variation at the outer surface protein A (ospA) locus, the Borrelia populations were found to be highly polymorphic within local populations but homogeneous across the region in any particular year. The genetic structure of B. burgdorfieri also differed between spirochetes infecting nymphal ticks and those infecting adult ticks.;The geographic homogeneity of B. burgdorferi was then seen across virtually all of its range of distribution in northeastern and mid-Atlantic coasts. Local populations of B. burgdorferi were genetically highly diverse, however, there is little genetic differentiation among B. burgdorferi populations in the northeastern and mid-Atlantic region. A biogeographic break in Borrelia prevalence was identified in a coastal region between southern Maryland and northern North Carolina.;Geographic range expansion of the blacklegged ticks (I. scapularis ) is implicated in the emergence of Lyme disease and other tick-borne diseases. A comparative investigation of the genetic structure of I. scapularis was therefore conducted for the same geographic samples of the Borrelia study, using PCR-SSCP analysis of a 300 basepair portion of tick mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. In contrast to the geographic homogeneity of Borrelia, I. scapularis ticks showed a strong geographic structure along the East Coast.;Three main conclusions can be drawn from the present comparative molecular population genetic survey. First, geographic range expansion of a phylogenetically relatively homogeneous lineage of I. scapularis, carrying with it a phylogenetically likewise homogeneous lineage of B. burgdorferi - B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (relative to the overall Borrelia diversity in North America), is underlying the emerging epidemics of Lyme borreliosis and other tick-borne infectious diseases in the recent two decades in the northern United States. Second, there is a broad correspondence between the geographic range of distribution of the northern I. scapularis populations with the range of high prevalence of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. Third, the geographic homogeneity of B. burgdorferi and genetic differentiation among local tick populations suggest either balancing selection in Borrelia or high level of Borrelia gene flow mediated by some long-ranging reservoir hosts. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
机译：在本文中，研究了导致莱姆病的螺旋体伯氏疏螺旋体的种群结构，该种群遍及北美的主要地理分布范围。从1994年到1996年，连续三年从纽约长岛东部的莱姆病的一个小地方流行区域中首次采样了疏螺旋体。使用外表面蛋白A（ospA）位点的遗传变异，疏螺旋体群体是被发现在当地人群中具有高度多态性，但在任何特定年份的整个地区均具有同质性。在感染若虫壁虱的螺旋体和感染成年壁虱的螺旋体之间，B。burgdorfieri的遗传结构也不同。然后，​​在东北和大西洋中部沿海地区几乎所有分布范围内都发现了B. burgdorferi的地理同质性。汉堡双歧杆菌的本地种群在遗传上高度多样化，但是，东北和大西洋中部地区的汉堡双歧杆菌几乎没有遗传分化。在马里兰州南部和北卡罗来纳州北部之间的沿海地区发现了伯氏疏螺旋体流行的生物地理学断裂；黑腿leg（I。scapularis）的地理范围扩大与莱姆病和其他tick传疾病的发生有关。因此，通过对tick线粒体16S核糖体RNA基因的300个碱基对部分进行PCR-SSCP分析，对鲍氏菌属研究的相同地理样本进行了肩I骨遗传结构的比较研究。与鲍氏疏螺旋体的地理同质性相反，肩cap类tick虫在东海岸具有很强的地理结构。;从目前的比较分子种群遗传调查中可以得出三个主要结论。首先，肩I线虫的系统发育相对同质谱系的地理范围扩展，伴随着伯氏疏螺旋体-伯氏疏螺旋体（相对于北美总体博雷利亚氏菌）的系统发育同样均质谱系最近二十年来，在美国北部，莱姆病（Lyme borreliosis）和其他壁虱传播的传染病流行。第二，北部肩cap鱼种群的地理分布范围与B. burgdorferi sensu stricto的高流行范围之间存在广泛的对应关系。第三，B。burgdorferi的地理同质性和当地壁虱种群之间的遗传分化表明，Borrelia的平衡选择或某些远程水库宿主介导的高水平的Borrelia基因流动。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Qiu, Wei-Gang.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Stony Brook.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Stony Brook.;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Genetics.;Microbiology.;Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 190 p.
  • 总页数 190
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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