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首页> 外文学位 >Food and feeding patterns of the southern brown shrimp Penaeus subtilis Perez-Farfante, 1967 (Crustacea, Penaeidae).
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Food and feeding patterns of the southern brown shrimp Penaeus subtilis Perez-Farfante, 1967 (Crustacea, Penaeidae).

机译：南部棕色对虾枯草对虾Perez-Farfante的食物和摄食模式，1967年（甲壳纲，对虾科）。

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摘要

Penaeid shrimp farming constitutes the most important aquaculture sector in economic value. In recent years however, the activity has faced slower progress in production despite a rapid intensification of production methods. The description and quantification of the food and feeding patterns of cultured penaeids may improve resource-use efficiency and conserve inputs critical to the sustainability of the activity.; This thesis investigated the food and feeding patterns of Penaeus subtilis under laboratory-controlled and culture conditions. Video-recording of shrimp feeding behaviours was used to examine food handling efficiency and size selectivity. Shrimp feeding levels in response to food dispersal method were determined through quantitative analysis of stomach contents and stable carbon isotope mass spectrometry. The abundance of polychaetes was used to study the effects of shrimp predation, stocking density and supplemental feeding. Partial integration of data was carried out using STELLARTM II.; Results indicated that Penaeus subtilis feed manipulation was inversely related to food particle size, with large pellets being less preferred than small ones. Within the feed size range examined, shrimp size had no significant effect on handling efficiency. Feed broadcasting was a more effective method in regards to shrimp food intake, resulting in a greater access and a higher consumption of food among the cultured shrimp population, a lower number of empty stomachs and a greater occurrence of feed in P. subtilis diet. Ingestion of food was a function of shrimp body weight. Feeding intensity increased progressively with shrimp size, but inversely in percentage terms. Foregut clearance rates peaked 3 h after food recovery, while the bulk of faeces was produced within 1 h. Polychaete abundance was affected by higher shrimp stocking densities. Artificial feeding promoted higher polychaete levels, although was not capable of alleviating shrimp grazing pressure at increased stocking densities.; Results indicated that crumbles and broken pellets may be more advantageous in the culture of Penaeus subtilis. Feeds should be broadcast evenly over the culture area and administered regularly at continually reduced amounts. Rations should vary in accordance to estimates of P. subtilis body weight and account for the initial polychaete abundance and shrimp stocking densities.
机译：对虾养殖是经济价值最重要的水产养殖部门。然而，近年来，尽管生产方法迅速集约，但生产活动进展缓慢。对养殖对虾的食物和喂养方式进行描述和量化，可以提高资源利用效率，并节省对活动可持续性至关重要的投入。本文研究了在实验室控制和培养条件下对虾对虾的食物和摄食方式。录像记录虾的摄食行为，以检查食物的处理效率和尺寸选择性。通过对胃内容物的定量分析和稳定的碳同位素质谱法确定响应食物分散方法的虾饲喂水平。用丰富的多毛cha来研究虾捕食，放养密度和补充喂养的影响。数据的部分整合是使用STELLARTM II进行的。结果表明，对虾枯草杆菌的饲料操作与食品粒度成反比，大颗粒比小颗粒更不受欢迎。在所检查的饲料大小范围内，虾的大小对处理效率没有显着影响。饲料广播是关于虾食物摄入的一种更有效的方法，从而导致养殖虾种群中更多的获取食物和更多的食物消费，更少的空腹和枯草杆菌饮食中饲料的发生率更高。食物的摄取是虾体重的函数。饲喂强度随着虾的大小而逐渐增加，但百分比相反。食物回收后3小时前肠清除率达到峰值，而大部分粪便在1小时内产生。 cha种群的密度受到较高虾类放养密度的影响。人工喂养促进了多沙cha的高水平，尽管在放养密度增加时无法减轻虾的放牧压力。结果表明，碎屑和破碎的颗粒在枯草对虾的培养中可能更有利。饲料应在培养区域内均匀播出，并以不断减少的量定期施用。定量应根据枯草杆菌体重的估计而变化，并应考虑初始多毛cha的丰度和虾的放养密度。

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  • 作者

    Nunes, Alberto Jorge Pinto.;

  • 作者单位

    Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;
  • 学科 Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.; Agriculture Animal Culture and Nutrition.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1999
  • 页码 267 p.
  • 总页数 267
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 水产、渔业;饲料;
  • 关键词

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