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Insight into the physics of rupture: Dynamic triggering seismicity .

机译:洞察破裂物理学:动态触发地震活动。

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摘要

Seismic waves can trigger earthquakes and tremor at large distances from the causable event. Dynamic triggering occurs when the surface waves from large earthquakes change the stresses conditions on previously overstressed faults, promoting failure. To understand the causative stresses and environments behind dynamic triggering, we model the change in the stress field that the passing of Rayleigh and Love waves cause on a fault plane of arbitrary orientation relative to the direction of propagation of the waves, and apply a Coulomb failure criterion to calculate the potential of these stress changes to trigger seismicity. We apply our model to three different study regions and compare with observations. In the first case, we compare our model results with data from dynamically triggered earthquakes in the Australian Bowen Basin, Our data analysis shows that for this region, surface waves arriving at 45 degrees from the average local stress field are the most likely to trigger local seismicity. This agrees with our observations. In the second study case, we show how the same model can be applied to dynamic triggering of Non-volcanic tremor (NVT). Our modeling predicts the potential of a seismic wave to trigger slip on a fault plane promoting NVT. We search for tremor in the Central Range in Taiwan triggered by surfaces waves and compare the observations with our modeling. In the last study case, we present our modeling of the dynamic stress that triggered two events in Utah, one triggered by the 1992 Landers earthquake and the other by the 2002 Denali Fault earthquake. We show how dynamic stress modeling can be used to discriminate between the two axial planes of a first motion focal mechanism of a dynamically triggered event.
机译:地震波可在距可引发事件较远的距离引发地震和震颤。当来自大地震的地表波改变先前过应力的断层的应力条件,从而促进破坏时,就会发生动态触发。为了了解动态触发背后的原因应力和环境,我们对瑞利波和洛夫波的通过在相对于波传播方向的任意方向的断层平面上引起的应力场中的变化进行了建模,并应用了库仑破坏准则来计算这些应力变化触发地震活动的可能性。我们将模型应用于三个不同的研究区域,并与观察结果进行比较。在第一种情况下,我们将模型结果与来自澳大利亚Bowen盆地的动态触发地震的数据进行了比较。我们的数据分析表明,对于该区域,与平均局部应力场成45度角的面波最有可能触发局部地震性。这与我们的观察一致。在第二个研究案例中,我们展示了如何将同一模型应用于非火山震颤(NVT)的动态触发。我们的模型预测了地震波触发断层平面上滑动以促进NVT的可能性。我们搜索由表面波触发的台湾中部地区的震颤,并将观测结果与我们的模型进行比较。在最后一个研究案例中,我们介绍了在犹他州引发两次事件的动应力建模,一次是由1992年Landers地震触发,另一次是2002年Denali断层地震触发。我们展示了如何使用动态应力建模来区分动态触发事件的第一运动焦点机制的两个轴向平面。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gonzalez-Huizar, Hector.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at El Paso.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at El Paso.;
  • 学科 Geology.;Geophysics.;Physics Acoustics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 107 p.
  • 总页数 107
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地质学;声学;地球物理学;
  • 关键词

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