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Water metering in multiflat highrises as a demand management instrument for former Soviet republics as assessed by current practices in Eastern Europe and Lviv, Ukraine.

机译：根据东欧和乌克兰利沃夫州的现行实践评估，多层高层建筑中的水表作为对前苏联共和国的需求管理工具。

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Many developing countries, with the assistance of more developed nations are constructing physical infrastructure to accommodate rapid urban population growth. The opposite is occurring in the former Soviet Union (FSU). Most cities in the FSU have significant infrastructure that cannot be maintained because government funding is no longer available owing to economic decline in 1991. Water and wastewater infrastructure projects previously funded through the central government must now be implemented at the local level to recover sufficient funds to operate water and wastewater utilities.;Cost recovery at the local level will require municipal water managers to evaluate water and wastewater administrative, operational, and physical components to determine strategies offering the best return on investment. Water demand management measures including metering of highrises may be among investment strategies considered.;This research (1) investigated the status of metering, metering implementation, transition policies, various outcomes and lessons learned in several Eastern European cities, (2) defined circumstances which affect metering in selected cities in Eastern Europe and Ukraine, and (3) estimated if metering is warranted in multiflat highrises in Lviv, Ukraine, by performing a cost-benefit analysis of metering options.;A significant result of this study was that on the basis of cost-savings alone, volumetric-based master metering in multiflat highrises should be advocated in Lviv, Ukraine. Other significant results were that residents of multiflat highrises will begin to meter their apartments if the price of water is high relative to income. Moreover, as long as there is a shut-off valve at each master meter, a shut-off policy for non-payment can be enforced, even if there are not individual cut-off valves for each apartment.

机译：在更多发达国家的帮助下，许多发展中国家正在建设有形基础设施，以适应城市人口的迅速增长。在前苏联（FSU）中正好相反。 FSU的大多数城市都有重要的基础设施，这些基础设施无法维护，因为1991年由于经济下滑，政府资金不再可用。以前由中央政府资助的水和废水基础设施项目现在必须在地方一级实施，以回收足够的资金用于在地方一级进行成本回收将需要市政水管理人员评估水和废水的管理，运营和物理组成部分，以确定能够提供最佳投资回报的策略。可能需要考虑的投资策略包括水的需求管理措施，包括高层建筑的计量;该研究（1）研究了东欧几个城市的计量状况，计量实施，过渡政策，各种成果和经验教训，（2）确定了哪些情况（3）通过对计量选项进行成本效益分析，评估是否需要对乌克兰利沃夫的多层高层建筑进行计量。仅以节省成本为基础，就应该在乌克兰的利沃夫倡导多层高层建筑中基于体积的主计量。其他重要结果是，如果水价相对于收入而言很高，那么多层高层住宅的居民将开始对他们的公寓进行计量。此外，只要每个主仪表上都有一个截止阀，即使每个公寓没有单独的截止阀，也可以执行非付费的截止策略。

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作者
Daane, Janelle Denise.;
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作者单位

The George Washington University.;

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授予单位 The George Washington University.;
学科 Engineering Environmental.;Engineering Sanitary and Municipal.;Political Science Public Administration.
学位 D.Sc.
年度 1998
页码 185 p.
总页数 185
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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Water metering in multiflat highrises as a demand management instrument for former Soviet republics as assessed by current practices in Eastern Europe and Lviv, Ukraine.

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