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Model performance of a biomass-fueled power station with variable furnace exit gas temperature to control fouling deposition.

机译：具有可变炉膛出口温度的生物质燃料发电站的模型性能，可控制结垢沉积。

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A major problem associated with the utilization of any biomass fuel in direct-combustion energy production is fouling (ash deposition on boiler surfaces) and the related issue of slagging, resulting from transformations among the inorganic constituents of the fuel. These deposits reduce heat transfer from the fire- to water-side, reducing power plant efficiency and necessitating the design of more tolerant heat exchange equipment. Wood: currently serves as the major source of fuel in biomass conversion to energy because of its more general availability, and it suffers less from fouling and slagging than many other biomass fuels such as rice straw. To reduce fouling severity, furnace exit gas temperature (FEGT) may be decreased to solidify ash ahead of superheaters and other heat exchanger equipment. Thermal and economic computer models of a direct-combustion Rankine cycle power plant were developed to predict the impact of variable FEGT and overall heat transfer coefficient on power plant efficiency and economy. No attempt was made to model the fire-side processes leading to the formation of fouling deposits. A base case: operational and economic profile of a biomass power plant was established, and models, were executed using these parameters, approximating a power plant efficiency of 19.9% and a cost of electricity (COE) of {dollar}0.0636 kWh–1 (including capital costs). If no capital, costs are included, then COE is {dollar}0.0205 kWh–1. Sensitivity analyses were performed on power plant efficiency and COE. Changes in FEGT through variable excess air resulted in substantial sensitivity in power plant efficiency (plant efficiency of 21.4% for FEGT of 1030°C (5% excess air) and 18.7% for 924°C (55% excess air)). Plant efficiency was determined to be moderately sensitive to changes in overall heat transfer coefficient on the secondary superheater (18.7% for no heat transfer through secondary superheater and 19.9% for base case heat transfer). Fouling scenarios showed that FEGT may be reduced by reducing steaming rate (20% reduction in steaming rate, FEGT of 939°C), but the reduction in steaming rate increased COE if the COE included capital costs (11.5% increase). However, if capital costs were not included, then COE may decrease (6.8% reduction).
机译：与直接燃烧的能源生产中使用任何生物质燃料相关的主要问题是结垢（锅炉表面的灰分沉积）和相关的结渣问题，这是由于燃料的无机成分之间发生转化而引起的。这些沉积物减少了从火侧到水侧的热传递，降低了发电厂的效率，并需要设计出更具耐受性的热交换设备。木材：由于其可获得性更高，目前是生物质转化为能源的主要燃料来源，与许多其他生物质燃料（如稻草）相比，木材受污垢和结渣的影响较小。为了降低结垢的严重性，可降低炉子出口气体温度（FEGT），以在过热器和其他热交换器设备之前固化灰烬。开发了直接燃烧兰金循环电厂的热和经济计算机模型，以预测变量FEGT和总传热系数对电厂效率和经济性的影响。没有尝试对导致结垢沉积物形成的燃烧过程建模。一个基本案例：建立了生物质发电厂的运营和经济概况，并使用这些参数执行了模型，发电厂的效率约为19.9％，电费（COE）为0.0636 kWh –1 （包括资本成本）。如果没有资本，则包括成本，则COE为{0.0205 kWh –1 。对电厂效率和COE进行了敏感性分析。通过变化的过量空气来改变FEGT会大大提高电厂的效率（1030°C的FEGT（5％的过量空气）的电厂效率为21.4％，而924°C（55％的过量空气）的电厂效率为18.7％。已确定工厂效率对次级过热器的整体传热系数的变化具有中等敏感性（对于不通过次级过热器进行传热的为18.7％，对于基本案例传热为19.9％）。结垢情况表明，降低蒸煮速率可以降低FEGT（蒸煮速率降低20％，FEGT为939°C），但是如果COE包括资本成本，则蒸煮速率的降低会增加COE（增加11.5％）。但是，如果不包括资本成本，则COE可能会减少（减少6.8％）。

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