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首页> 外文学位 >Distribution patterns and scale dependency of microbial abundance and processes in relation to soil chemistry and vegetation in hardwood forest soils.
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Distribution patterns and scale dependency of microbial abundance and processes in relation to soil chemistry and vegetation in hardwood forest soils.

机译：硬木森林土壤中微生物的丰度和过程与土壤化学和植被的分布模式和尺度相关性。

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The overall goal of this research was to determine the scale dependency and landscape patterns of microbial community dynamics. Initial studies evaluated whether soil acidification, a widespread, chronic disturbance and forest thinning, an acute disturbance, produced interactive effects capable of producing ecosystem level changes. Although, interactive effects were detected, failure to account for spatial distribution of microbes in soil probably decreased the ability to model biomass. Further studies focused on the importance of scale and spatial distribution in evaluating microbial communities.; N mineralization, nitrification, bacterial and fungal biomass, pH, organic C and moisture were examined in four hardwood forests in southern Ohio. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in N mineralization parameters, microbial abundance and soil chemistry at landscape (among forests), local (among contiguous watersheds within forests), topographic (along gradients of moisture within watersheds) and individual tree (upslope and downslope of individual trees) scales. At the regional scale N mineralization, nitrification, NO{dollar}sb3sp-{dollar} pool size, bacterial abundance, fungal to bacterial biomass ratio, and organic C varied significantly. At the topographic scale, microbial abundance and most N mineralization parameters varied significantly, while fungal abundance, organic C and inorganic N pool sizes varied at the local scale. Causal analysis of microbial parameters performed independent of scale revealed that scaling-up models of nitrification from plot to region should be straightforward, whereas scaling-up N mineralization will require incorporation of independent scaling paradigms at three (or more) spatial scales. Causal analysis of microbial abundance independent of scale also revealed that strong models of bacterial abundance and organic C could be produced by scaling-up results from sampling points to the region, whereas this was not possible for fungal abundance and F:B ratio due to poor resolution at the local scale. Overall, these results suggest that microbial communities in forest soils are spatially structured at a number of scales and this must be accounted for in order to produce accurate models of belowground function and detect fine scale changes as a result of natural or anthropogenic disturbance.
机译：这项研究的总体目标是确定微生物群落动力学的尺度依赖性和景观格局。初步研究评估了土壤酸化，一种广泛的，长期的干扰和森林间伐（一种急性的干扰）是否产生了能够引起生态系统水平变化的相互作用。尽管检测到交互作用，但无法解释土壤中微生物的空间分布可能会降低生物量建模的能力。进一步的研究集中于规模和空间分布在评估微生物群落中的重要性。在俄亥俄州南部的四个硬木森林中检测了氮矿化，硝化，细菌和真菌生物量，pH，有机碳和水分。方差分析表明，景观（在森林中），局部（在森林中的连续流域中），地形（在水域中的水分沿梯度）和个体树（个体的上坡和下坡）的氮矿化参数，微生物丰度和土壤化学方面存在显着差异树木）鳞片。在区域尺度上，氮的矿化，硝化作用，NO {dolal} sb3sp- {dollar}库的大小，细菌丰度，真菌与细菌生物量的比率以及有机碳的变化很大。在地形尺度上，微生物丰度和大多数N矿化参数变化很大，而真菌丰度，有机碳和无机氮库的大小在局部尺度上变化。与规模无关的微生物参数的因果分析表明，从地块到区域的硝化规模化模型应该很简单，而规模化N矿化将需要在三个（或更多个）空间规模上纳入独立的规模化范式。与规模无关的微生物丰度的因果分析还表明，通过从采样点到该区域按比例放大结果，可以建立强大的细菌丰度和有机碳模型，而对于真菌丰度和F：B比则是不可能的，因为差本地规模的分辨率。总体而言，这些结果表明，森林土壤中的微生物群落在许多尺度上都具有空间结构，因此必须加以考虑，以便产生地下功能的准确模型并检测由于自然或人为干扰而引起的细微尺度变化。

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