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首页> 外文学位 >Habitat utilization and breeding success of Leach's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Newfoundland).
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Habitat utilization and breeding success of Leach's storm-petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa (Newfoundland).

机译：泥ach的风暴海燕，白带鱼Oceododoma leucorhoa（纽芬兰）的栖息地利用和繁殖成功。

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摘要

It is generally assumed that individual organisms behave optimally. In terms of habitat utilization, the optimal habitat for any species is that which provides the optimum conditions for survival and reproduction.; This study compared how Leach's Storm-Petrels, Oceanodroma leucorhoa, utilized forest and open habitat on Great Island, Newfoundland. Specifically, nesting habitats were compared in terms of slope, aspect, and peat compaction. The adaptive significance of habitat utilization was assessed through comparisons of burrow density, the proportions of active and occupied burrows, hatching success, chick growth, breeding success and predation risk.; Forest and open habitats differed; open habitat had steeper slope and more compact soil than forest, which had deeper peat. Burrow density and activity were greater in forest than open habitat, indicating that Leach's Storm-Petrels actively selected forest over open habitat. Clearly, based on area, forest habitat supported a greater number of breeding pairs. Moreover, birds nesting in forest exhibited greater hatching and breeding success than birds nesting in open habitat, thus storm-petrels nesting in forest were disproportionately more productive than storm-petrels nesting in open habitat.; Avian predation of Leach's Storm-Petrels did not differ between forest and open habitats, but varied seasonally in both. Predation was much reduced in both habitats following the inshore movement of spawning Capelin, Mallotus villosis.; The terrestrial flora of the habitats utilized by Leach's Storm-Petrels change over time, being influenced by other seabirds (e.g. gulls and puffins on Great Island). Forest habitat is estimated to have decreased by 17% on Great Island over the past 25 years. Open habitat has been expanding, which will negatively affect the overall productivity of the Leach's Storm-Petrel colony. Generalizations to other Leach's Storm-Petrel colonies in the northwest Atlantic are also made.
机译：通常认为单个生物的行为最佳。就栖息地的利用而言，任何物种的最佳栖息地都为生存和繁殖提供了最佳条件。这项研究比较了Leach的风暴海燕，Oceanodroma leucorhoa如何利用纽芬兰大岛的森林和开放的栖息地。具体来说，根据坡度，坡向和泥炭压实度比较了筑巢生境。通过比较洞穴密度，活动和居住的洞穴比例，孵化成功率，雏鸡生长，繁殖成功率和捕食风险来评估栖息地利用的适应性意义。森林和开放的栖息地有所不同；与森林相比，开放的栖息地坡度更大，土壤更致密，泥炭更深。森林中的洞穴密度和活动度大于开放栖息地，这表明Leach的风暴海狸在开放栖息地上积极选择了森林。显然，基于面积，森林栖息地支持了更多的繁殖对。此外，筑巢在森林中的鸟类比筑巢在开放栖息地中的鸟类表现出更大的孵化和繁殖成功率，因此，筑巢在森林中的风暴海带比筑巢在野外的风暴海燕的生产力要高得多。森林和开放式栖息地的鸟类掠食性雷暴海燕的捕食情况没有差异，但两者的季节性不同。随着产卵的毛鳞鱼，马洛图斯绒毛的近岸运动，两个生境的捕食都大大减少了。泥ach风暴海豹利用的栖息地的陆地植物随时间变化，并受其他海鸟（例如大岛上的海鸥和海雀）的影响。过去25年中，大岛的森林栖息地估计减少了17％。开放的栖息地一直在扩大，这将对Leach的风暴海燕殖民地的整体生产力产生负面影响。还对西北大西洋其他Leach的Storm-Petrel殖民地进行了概括。

著录项

  • 作者

    Stenhouse, Ian James.;

  • 作者单位

    Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Memorial University of Newfoundland (Canada).;
  • 学科 Biology Zoology.; Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 1998
  • 页码 61 p.
  • 总页数 61
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 动物学;生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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