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Open main detection in underground distribution network using statistical approaches.

机译：使用统计方法在地下配电网中开放主要检测。

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The continuous increase for people dependency on electrical energy to run most of their industrial, commercial and residential activities makes it necessary to regularly improve the distribution systems. This Improvement does not involve served area and system capacity increase only, but also includes service quality and system reliability enhancement.;Outage is the most serious challenge that might affect the reliability of the distribution system, especially in the congested areas like New York City, where the outage is a threat for continuity of service for a large number of customers or for the important world institutions there. Outage incident in distribution networks normally leads to onerous financial losses as customer reimbursements and faulty equipment fixing or replacement.;Accumulation of unrepaired secondary open main incidents causes a network deficiency especially in high load season due to the limited available paths to deliver customers loads. Most of times, such situations overload some network equipment that put the correspondent protection devices in action and eventually cause outage incident. Consolidated Edison Company of New York maintains a reliable distribution system in one of the biggest cities, the occurrence of limited outage incidents during the last years makes it essential requirement to implement an automatic open main detection mechanism as possible causer for some incidents to protect the system reliability from same events in the future.;This novel study presents an effective detection system for open main and transformer outage incidents using statistical approaches. Based on periodic network transformers loads readings provided by Remote Monitoring System (RMS), any transformer load change exceeds the normal load change boundary will be listed as suspect event to be analyzed. Sensitivity analysis is implemented in this study based on the actual real time transformer load changes and pre-calculated values for transformer load changes for each expected incident in the network. The calculated values can be obtained using power flow program (Poly Voltage Load Flow PVL).;Transformer outage sensitivity analysis is implemented on the suspect event taking into consideration the load response at most nearby transformers. According to this part results, open main incident sensitivity may be launched to confirm or banish the open main incident depending on the response of near by transformers. Those transformers can be determined as the most affected nearby transformers according to pre-calculated values for each possible open main location.;Eventually, detailed report supported by chart plots is issued to identify the nature of the incident (is it transformer outage or open main incident), to indicate the transformer or the main at which it took place and to list the real time load changes for all the network transformers included in the sensitivity analysis. All of that to facilitate an immediate repair of the faulty part and to easily investigate the incident root causes to be avoided later and eventually improve the distribution system reliability.
机译：人们对电能的依赖不断增加，以从事其大多数的工业，商业和住宅活动，因此有必要定期改善配电系统。此改进不仅涉及服务区域和系统容量的增加，而且还包括服务质量和系统可靠性的增强。中断是最严重的挑战，可能会影响配电系统的可靠性，尤其是在纽约等拥挤的地区，中断对许多客户或那里的重要国际机构的服务连续性构成威胁。配电网络中的停电事故通常会导致严重的财务损失，原因是客户需要偿还费用以及设备维修或更换错误。;未修复的二次开放主要事故的累积会导致网络不足，尤其是在高负载季节，因为可用的有限路径来交付客户负载。大多数情况下，这种情况会使某些网络设备超负荷运行，从而使相应的保护设备无法使用，并最终导致断电事件。纽约州的联合爱迪生公司在最大的城市之一中拥有可靠的配电系统，最近几年发生的有限停电事件使得对作为某些事件的可能诱因的人实施自动开放式主检测机制至关重要，以保护系统这项新颖的研究提出了一种使用统计方法的有效的检测主电源和变压器断路事件的系统。根据远程监视系统（RMS）提供的定期网络变压器负载读数，任何超出正常负载变化范围的变压器负载变化都将列为待分析的可疑事件。本研究基于网络中每个预期事件的实际实时变压器负载变化和变压器负载变化的预先计算值进行了敏感性分析。可以使用潮流程序（Poly Voltage Load Flow PVL）获得计算值。考虑到附近大多数变压器的负载响应，对可疑事件进行变压器故障敏感性分析。根据这部分结果，可以根据变压器附近的响应来启动开路主事件灵敏度，以确认或消除开路主事件。根据每个可能打开的主要地点的预先计算值，可以将这些变压器确定为受影响最大的附近变压器;最终，发布图表图表支持的详细报告以识别事件的性质（是变压器中断还是打开的主要电源）事件），以指明发生故障的变压器或电源，并列出敏感性分析中所有网络变压器的实时负载变化。所有这些都有助于立即修复故障部件并轻松调查事故的根本原因，从而在以后避免，并最终提高了配电系统的可靠性。

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