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首页> 外文学位 >Engineering the state: The Huai River and reconstruction in Nationalist China, 1927-1937.
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Engineering the state: The Huai River and reconstruction in Nationalist China, 1927-1937.

机译：工程国家：淮河与国民党的重建，1927-1937年。

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摘要

The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the Nationalist Government's (1927-49) attempt to establish central administrative control in China in the aftermath of the fall of the imperial government in 1911. Its focus is the Huai River Conservancy Commission established in 1928 to direct river management designed to reverse centuries of hydraulic deterioration in the valley.;As one component of the Nationalist government "reconstruction" agenda, the structure and policies of the Huai River Conservancy Commission reflected an institution committed to centralized planning, modern technology, industrial growth, and international technical and financial cooperation. Led by Chen Guofu the commission sought to integrate provincial and local political structures. Centralizing tendencies were carried further as the commission was incorporated into the National Economic Commission (1934) designed to coordinate all reconstruction initiatives in the agricultural sector of China. Policy preferences were heavily influenced by technical experts recruited as members of the commission. Formulated by professional engineers such as Li Yizhi, conservancy plans were premised on promoting modern industrial development by developing hydroelectric generation and expanding transportation capacity. Faced with fiscal problems the commission sought affirmation of its engineering plans by soliciting technical cooperation with the League of Nations to help secure financing from the Returned British Boxer Indemnity Commission to conduct engineering.;The ability of the Huai River Commission to control resources at the local level to carry out construction was limited. Difficulties in labor recruitment and organization mandated negotiation with local political structures. Although ultimately successful in coercing compliance of country and village officials, continued problems with managing conscripted labor frustrated the goals of centralized planning.;As reflected by the Huai River Commission, the record of the Nationalist period represents an important stage in reconstructing the state after the fall of the imperial government in 1911. The commission reflected the goals of creating institutional structures designed to more effectively control resources at the local level, provide the setting for patronage of modern science and technology, and introduce the notion of economic expansion based on modern industrial growth. These developments represented important departures from the imperial state and point to continuities with the state-building efforts of the People's Republic after 1949.
机译：本文的目的是考察国民党政府（1927-49年）在1911年帝国主义倒台后在中国建立中央行政控制的企图。其重点是1928年成立的淮河水利委员会，负责指导河流管理旨在逆转山谷中几个世纪的水力恶化。；作为国民党政府“重建”议程的组成部分，淮河水利委员会的结构和政策反映了致力于集中计划，现代技术，工业发展，以及国际技术和金融合作。在陈国富的领导下，该委员会试图整合省和地方政治机构。随着该委员会被并入国家经济委员会（1934年），该趋势进一步集中，该委员会旨在协调中国农业部门的所有重建计划。政策偏好受到受聘为委员会成员的技术专家的严重影响。由李一芝等专业工程师制定的水利计划的前提是通过发展水力发电和扩大运输能力来促进现代工业发展。面对财政问题，该委员会寻求与国际联盟的技术合作以确认其工程计划，以帮助从返回的英国拳击手赔偿委员会获得资金以进行工程设计;淮河委员会具有控制当地资源的能力开展建设的水平受到限制。劳动力招聘和组织上的困难要求与当地政治机构进行谈判。尽管最终成功地强迫了乡村和乡村官员遵守法规，但应征劳工管理方面的持续问题挫败了集中计划的目标。正如淮河委员会所反映的那样，国民党时期的记录代表了战后重建国家的重要阶段。帝国政府在1911年倒台。该委员会反映了建立机构结构的目标，这些机构旨在更有效地控制地方一级的资源，为现代科学技术的光顾提供条件，并引入了基于现代工业的经济扩张概念增长。这些事态发展代表了与帝国主义国家的重大背离，表明了1949年以后中华人民共和国的国家建设努力具有连续性。

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  • 作者

    Pietz, David Allen.;

  • 作者单位

    Washington University in St. Louis.;

  • 授予单位 Washington University in St. Louis.;
  • 学科 History Asia Australia and Oceania.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1998
  • 页码 196 p.
  • 总页数 196
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 世界史;
  • 关键词

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