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Adaptive decision support systems: A framework for making decision support systems more effective.

机译：自适应决策支持系统：使决策支持系统更有效的框架。

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Decision support systems (DSSs) are computer-based systems that support the decision-makers in the decision-making processes. Since their conception in the late 1960s, the DSS concept has had a rapid growth in research and in practice. However, a review of recent literature in the DSS area indicates that DSSs have limitations which have restricted the decision-support effectiveness of the systems. The limitations include DSSs have: not supported high level cognitive tasks, not actively participated in the decision-making process, not supported creativity and learning of the decision-maker, focused only on the decision and not on the decision-maker, not changed the support to the characteristics of the task at hand, not used the context of the problem to interpret the output of models or integrated the answers from different models, and had restrictive and inflexible user interfaces.; This research recognizes these limitations and provides a solution to increase the decision-support effectiveness of DSSs. It proposes a technology independent framework for a new type of DSS called adaptive decision support systems (ADSSs). ADSSs are based on the concept of dynamically adapting decision support to the user, the task which the user is currently performing, and the context in which the user is making the decision. The framework clearly defines ADSSs, proposes characteristics of ADSSs, support strategies for adaptive support, and describes an architectural model of ADSSs.; The research further empirically evaluates the effectiveness of ADSSs in a laboratory experiment. The experiment uses a prototype ADSS developed based on the framework and a prototype TDSS. Both prototype systems are designed to assist the users in personal asset allocation decision. One hundred and sixty-three mature, well-experienced, graduate students participated in the experiment. The effectiveness of the systems was measured on nine dimensions. The results suggest that the ADSS is more effective than the TDSS on seven dimensions: quality of the decision, number of alternatives considered, time spent per alternative, learning effects, confidence in the decision, usefulness of the system, satisfaction with the system. The ADSS is equally effective as the TDSS on two dimensions: perceived control of the process and ease of use.
机译：决策支持系统（DSS）是基于计算机的系统，可在决策过程中为决策者提供支持。自从1960年代后期提出概念以来，DSS的概念在研究和实践中迅速增长。但是，对DSS领域中最新文献的回顾表明，DSS的局限性限制了系统的决策支持有效性。局限性包括以下方面：DSS不支持高级认知任务，不积极参与决策过程，不支持决策者的创造力和学习能力，仅关注决策而不关注决策者，不改变决策者的能力。支持当前任务的特征，不使用问题的上下文来解释模型的输出或集成来自不同模型的答案，并且具有限制性和不灵活的用户界面。这项研究认识到了这些局限性，并提供了提高DSS决策支持效率的解决方案。它为称为自适应决策支持系统（ADSS）的新型DSS提出了一种技术独立的框架。 ADSS基于以下概念：动态地使决策支持适应用户，用户当前正在执行的任务以及用户进行决策的环境。该框架明确定义了ADSS，提出了ADSS的特征，提供了自适应支持的支持策略，并描述了ADSS的体系结构模型。该研究进一步从经验上评估了ADSS在实验室实验中的有效性。实验使用基于该框架开发的ADSS原型和TDSS原型。两种原型系统均旨在协助用户进行个人资产分配决策。 163名成熟，经验丰富的研究生参加了该实验。该系统的有效性在九个维度上进行了衡量。结果表明，在七个方面，ADSS比TDSS更有效：决策质量，考虑的替代方案数量，每个替代方案所花费的时间，学习效果，对决策的信心，系统的实用性，对系统的满意度。 ADSS在两个方面都与TDSS一样有效：感知到的过程控制和易用性。

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