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Phenomenological separation in a three-phase hydrocyclone.

机译：三相水力旋流器中的现象学分离。

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摘要

Recent developments in liquid-liquid and solid-liquid separation reveal that the conventional two-phase hydrocyclone is an indispensable tool in petroleum and allied industries. This is attributable to its simplicity of operation and numerous diverse applications. In spite of the many advantages it offers, the hydrocyclone suffers a major drawback in the separation of multiple-phase immiscible mixtures. Occurrence of these mixtures, as dispersions of oil and solids within liquids, can be epidemic and environmentally undesirable. In resolving this impediment, the author developed a three-phase liquid-solid-liquid separation hydrocyclone by hydrodynamically incorporating a transverse aperture into a two-phase design.; Investigation into mathematical relationship between parametric and performance groups was pursued to develop a model of the three-phase hydrocyclone treating both dilute and concentrated slurry systems. An experimental program was designed to include fluid flow visualization and separation tests which were conducted on the fixed-dimension three-phase hydrocyclone. Using dye injection, the visualization tests revealed that the flows for dilute slurry system were coherent over a significant portion of the hydrocyclone axis and that negligible radial mixing occurred between the secondary and outer helical flows and vice versa for concentrated slurry system. During a stable vortex, a jet-like flow on the axis occurred from the spigot region to the overflow to a maximum amplitude of 2.65 mm.; In order to assess ultimately the performance of the three-phase hydrocyclone under different operating conditions, knowledge of the fluid velocity distribution inside the hydrocyclone was required. To determine the velocity spectra, a computational fluid dynamics approach was used. The developed Navier-Stokes equations in vorticity-stream function formulation form were identified as parabolic and elliptic. Employing Forward difference in Time and Central difference in Space (FTCS), the differential equations were converted into difference equations for numerical solution. The computed tangential velocity profiles behaved asymptotically as they approached the hydrocyclone wall yielding steep velocity gradients in that region and thus maximum effective viscosity. The computed and experimental velocity spectra results were in concordance. A unique aspect during validation of the results was that the computed and experimental tangential velocity profiles compared well better than the axial velocity profiles. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：液-液和固-液分离的最新进展表明，常规的两相水力旋流器是石油和相关行业必不可少的工具。这归因于其操作简单和众多不同的应用。尽管旋风分离器具有许多优点，但其在分离多相不混溶混合物时仍存在主要缺点。作为油和固体在液体中的分散体，这些混合物的存在可能是流行的，并且在环境上是不希望的。为了解决这一障碍，作者通过将横向孔成两相设计的流体动力学方法开发了一种三相液-固-液分离水力旋流器。进行了对参数组和性能组之间数学关系的研究，以开发用于处理稀浆和浓浆系统的三相水力旋流器模型。设计了一个实验程序，其中包括在固定尺寸的三相水力旋流器上进行的流体流动可视化和分离测试。使用染料注入，可视化测试显示稀浆系统的水流在水力旋流器轴的很大一部分上是连贯的，次要和外部螺旋流之间发生的径向混合可忽略不计，而浓缩浆系统则相反。在稳定的涡旋中，轴上的喷射流从突出部分到溢流的最大幅度为2.65 mm。为了最终评估三相水力旋流器在不同操作条件下的性能，需要了解水力旋流器内部的流体速度分布。为了确定速度谱，使用了计算流体动力学方法。涡流函数公式形式的Navier-Stokes方程被确定为抛物线形和椭圆形。利用时间的前向差异和空间的中心差异（FTCS），将微分方程转换为差分方程以进行数值求解。当它们接近水力旋流器壁时，计算出的切向速度分布曲线渐近地表现出来，从而在该区域产生陡峭的速度梯度，从而获得最大有效粘度。速度谱的计算结果与实验结果吻合。结果验证期间的一个独特方面是，计算出的和实验的切向速度分布图比轴向速度分布图好得多。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

著录项

  • 作者

    Changirwa, Robert Miritsa M.;

  • 作者单位

    DalTech - Dalhousie University (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 DalTech - Dalhousie University (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Mining.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 131 p.
  • 总页数 131
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 矿业工程;
  • 关键词

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