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Losing the battle, winning the war: Intellectual property protection and high-tech development in Asian newly industrializing countries.

机译：战败败局：亚洲新兴工业化国家的知识产权保护和高科技发展。

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摘要

Three Asian newly industrializing countries (NICs)--South Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan--have been pressured by the United States to tighten intellectual property rights (IPR) protection. Such protection has made it more difficult for the NICs to imitate those innovative works of others and more costly for them to acquire advanced technologies. Structural realism suggests that smaller states would be losers in the face of pressures from a bigger state because power disparity between advanced and developing countries in the international system has already determined the outcome of trade disputes. Although the NICs lost the battle by accommodating the U.S. demands in tightening IPR protection, they won the war in achieving a higher level of technological development. The study argues that cooperative relationships between East Asian states and key societal groups have enabled them to design effective national technology strategies and to reduce structural constraints. In addition, strong states enabled these NICs to build effective institutional arrangements to address the problems of industrialization and the move to high-technology sectors.; These case studies reveal similarities and differences among the national strategies of the three countries. Similarities include attention to the development of a strong institutional infrastructure, enhancement of human resources, and the maintenance of stable industrial relations. Furthermore, the NICs can turn structural disadvantages into industrial opportunities and that is well illustrated by these NICs' efforts to extract technological capabilities from MNCs. At the same time, differences in domestic resources, national history, industrial structure, and strategic intent led to quite distinctive strategies. Singapore, the smallest of the three, focused on a niche market strategy, particularly in information technologies. Korea adopted a more ambitious strategy to achieve broad technological prominence in areas where advanced nations already had achieved prominence. Taiwan's approach was to create industrial clusters in particular high-technology sectors and gradually achieve market dominance in those areas.
机译：美国向三个亚洲新兴工业化国家（NIC）施加了压力，要求其加强知识产权（IPR）保护。这样的保护使NIC难以模仿他人的创新作品，并且使它们获得先进技术的成本更高。结构现实主义表明，小国在大国的压力下将成为失败者，因为国际体系中发达国家与发展中国家之间的权力差距已经决定了贸易争端的结果。尽管NIC通过适应美国加强知识产权保护的要求而失败了，但它们在实现更高水平的技术发展方面赢得了战争。该研究认为，东亚国家与主要社会团体之间的合作关系使他们能够设计有效的国家技术战略并减少结构性约束。此外，强大的国家使这些NIC能够建立有效的体制安排，以解决工业化和向高科技领域转移的问题。这些案例研究揭示了这三个国家的国家战略之间的异同。相似之处包括关注发展强大的机构基础设施，增强人力资源以及维持稳定的劳资关系。此外，NIC可以将结构上的劣势转变为工业机会，这些NIC从跨国公司中提取技术能力的努力就很好地说明了这一点。同时，国内资源，国家历史，产业结构和战略意图的差异导致了截然不同的战略。在这三个国家中，最小的新加坡专注于利基市场战略，特别是在信息技术领域。韩国采取了更加雄心勃勃的战略，以在先进国家已经取得显著成就的地区实现广泛的技术显著。台湾的做法是建立特别是高科技领域的产业集群，并逐步在这些领域取得市场主导地位。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chin, Chun-Tsung.;

  • 作者单位

    The Claremont Graduate University.;

  • 授予单位 The Claremont Graduate University.;
  • 学科 Political Science International Law and Relations.; Economics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 401 p.
  • 总页数 401
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 国际法;经济学;
  • 关键词

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