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首页> 外文学位 >Proactive driving safety evaluation: An evaluation of an automated traveler information system and investigation of hazard analysis data.
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Proactive driving safety evaluation: An evaluation of an automated traveler information system and investigation of hazard analysis data.

机译：主动驾驶安全评估：对自动旅行者信息系统的评估以及对危害分析数据的调查。

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The purpose of this dissertation was to assess the relative safety of a prototype in-vehicle automobile navigation device, and to evaluate consistency and meaning of data generated by the state-of-the-art in proactive safety evaluation techniques. Sixty subjects participated by driving an instrumented test vehicle equipped with Motorola's Mobile Navigation Assistant (MNA). Subjects were selected from younger (25-45) and older (over 65) age groups and varied in their experience using the MNA.; Data was collected while subjects navigated the test vehicle to fixed destinations using the MNA with and without auditory commands, and while using a conventional paper map and paper list of directions. Data concerning eye glance behaviors, driver performance measures, hazard analysis measures, subjective workload measures, and subjective opinions of safety were collected and analyzed from the experimental drives. The data generated from applying a hazard analysis technique was also evaluated and compared to the results of previous safety evaluation efforts.; The results of the statistical analyses show that there were some differences in eye glance behavior between navigation methods where the MNA conditions resulted in shorter glances away from the roadway but the glances occurred more often than with the paper map and direction list. However, increases in experience with the MNA tended reduce the amount of visual attention required. There were very few differences in driving performance and subjective workload measures indicating few differences in overall workload between conditions. Through subjective measurement, drivers consistently indicated the MNA was safer than conventional methods of navigation. The analysis of data generated by the hazard analysis technique showed it is consistent between studies and the relationship between driver errors, near misses, and accidents is roughly exponential in form.; No apparent differences in safety were found between conventional and computerized navigation methods when looking across all measures collected and analyzed. The analysis of data from the hazard analysis technique indicates it is a relatively robust method of safety evaluation and there might be a consistent relationship between accidents, near misses, and driver errors that could some day be used for accident prediction.
机译：本文的目的是评估一种原型车载汽车导航设备的相对安全性，并在主动安全评估技术中评估由最新技术生成的数据的一致性和意义。六十名受试者驾驶装有摩托罗拉移动导航助手（MNA）的仪器化测试车参加了比赛。受试者选自年龄在25-45岁之间的年轻人和年龄在65岁以上的年龄组，并且使用MNA的经历各不相同。在受试者使用MNA（带有和不带有听觉命令）将测试车辆导航到固定目的地的同时，以及使用常规纸质地图和纸质路线清单时，收集数据。从实验驾驶中收集并分析了有关眼视行为，驾驶员性能指标，危害分析指标，主观工作量指标以及安全性主观意见的数据。还评估了应用危害分析技术产生的数据，并将其与以前的安全评估工作的结果进行了比较。统计分析的结果表明，导航方法之间的眼睛扫视行为存在一些差异，其中MNA条件导致离开道路的扫视时间较短，但扫视发生的频率高于纸质地图和方向列表。但是，使用MNA的经验增加往往会减少所需的视觉注意力。驾驶性能和主观工作量度量之间几乎没有差异，表明条件之间的总体工作量几乎没有差异。通过主观测量，驾驶员始终表示MNA比传统的导航方法更安全。通过危害分析技术生成的数据分析表明，研究之间是一致的，驾驶员错误，差错和事故之间的关系在形式上大致呈指数关系。当查看收集和分析的所有措施时，在常规导航方法和计算机导航方法之间没有发现明显的安全性差异。危害分析技术的数据分析表明，这是一种相对稳健的安全评估方法，事故，差错和驾驶员错误之间可能存在一致的关系，有一天可能将其用于事故预测。

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