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Achievement in R&D: A study of the communication, information, and organization characteristics of outstanding achievers.

机译：研发成就：对杰出成就者的沟通，信息和组织特征的研究。

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摘要

Improving research and development productivity and innovation has been an objective of managers for organizations in high technology. A perspective that may add further value to R&D organizations is to provide a better understanding of the communication, information, and organization characteristics of research and development professionals, and how they relate to achievement.; This study evaluated achievement of research and development professionals at an internationally known R&D laboratory. The following conceptual areas were reviewed in developing a model of achievement and the factors that relate to it: (a) background characteristics of individuals, (b) environment in which they work, (c) need for information, (d) sources of information used, and (e) types of communication utilized.; The results demonstrated that several factors are related to high levels of achievement including years of service, involvement in professional organizations, attending scheduled and unscheduled meetings, and the immediate need for information. Findings in this investigation supported the hypotheses that researchers' level of achievement is a function of variables that constitute their background characteristics, information need, sources consulted, and communication attributes. Although the study's environment variables did not prove significant, further testing is needed to understand if additional environment variables have an effect upon achievement or if the existing variables are significant over time.; The four variables of this study having a significant relationship with researchers' level of achievement all have a communicative basis. It is possible to conclude from the study results that these variables may be part of a new conceptual area called communication embeddedness since all of the variables have an attribute of communication that is embedded in the variable. A conclusion can also be drawn from the variables that were not significant. In particular, a number of variables that were included in this study were measuring information sources. They were expected to show a relationship to achievement since they were gatekeeper-type functions that were being measured, but they did not. One may conclude from their lack of significance to achievement that gatekeepers are not high achievers. It is possible that gatekeeping is a function of information control, information filtering, and information hoarding by an individual.
机译：提高研发生产力和创新能力一直是高科技组织管理人员的目标。可能会给研发组织带来更多价值的观点是，可以更好地了解研发专业人员的交流，信息和组织特征，以及它们与成就之间的关系。这项研究评估了国际知名研发实验室的研发专业人员的成就。在制定成就模型及其相关因素时，对以下概念领域进行了审查：（a）个人的背景特征，（b）他们工作的环境，（c）信息需求，（d）信息来源使用；以及（e）使用的通讯类型；结果表明，与高水平成就相关的几个因素包括服务年限，参与专业组织，参加已安排和未安排的会议以及对信息的即时需求。这项调查的结果支持以下假设：研究人员的成就水平是由变量构成的，这些变量构成了他们的背景特征，信息需求，咨询的来源和沟通属性。尽管研究的环境变量没有被证明是有意义的，但是还需要进一步测试以了解其他环境变量是否对成就有影响，或者现有变量是否随着时间的推移而显着。这项研究的四个变量与研究者的成就水平有显着关系，都具有交流基础。从研究结果中可以得出结论，这些变量可能是称为通信嵌入性的新概念领域的一部分，因为所有变量都具有嵌入变量中的通信属性。还可以从不重要的变量得出结论。特别是，这项研究中包含的许多变量正在测量信息源。他们被期望表现出与成就的关系，因为它们是被衡量的网守型职能，但事实并非如此。从他们对成就的重要性不高可以得出结论，看门人不是高成就者。网守可能是个人进行信息控制，信息过滤和信息ho积的功能。

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  • 作者

    Kapsales, Peter P.;

  • 作者单位

    Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;

  • 授予单位 Rutgers The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick.;
  • 学科 Business Administration Management.; Information Science.; Speech Communication.; Psychology Industrial.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 228 p.
  • 总页数 228
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 贸易经济;信息与知识传播;语言学;工业心理学;
  • 关键词

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